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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Most drugs work in what phase?
S or G-O? 2. What phase can no drug work in? |
1) S Phase--replicating phase
2) G-0 Phase--non-replicating phase |
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Effective chemo therapy kills ______of tumor cells
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99.9%
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ALKYLATING AGENTS such as:
(Mustargen) (Cytoxan) (Leukerman) Causes abnormal pairing of DNA strands & what toxicities? |
Affects: rapid growing normal tissues like: hematopoetic (bone marrow), GI lining, hair, gonads (ovum/sperm)
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T or F, FILIGRASTIN (Neupogen) treats a low number of neutrophils & stimulates bone marrow to increase production of neutrophils.
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TRUE--instead of waiting weeks between chemo, there is less wait time
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What can NITROSOUREAS drugs (BCNU, CCUN) treat since THEY CROSS the BBB?
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CNS Tumors (brain; spinal cord)
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NITROSOUREAS drugs Carmustine (BCNU) and Lomustine (CCUN) are effective for what?
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CNS tumors
(BCNU) & (CCUN) are NITROSOUREAS drugs that CROSS the BBB. |
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An extremely toxic chemo drug BY ITSELF:______ (severe nausea & vomiting). Nephrotoxic.
Diuretic drug that has to be used to protect the kidneys: Mannitol |
Cisplatin (Platinol)
(Antinauseants: Reglan, Zofran & Kytril) |
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T or F, Cisplatin is not toxic and would not require a diuretic drug like Mannitol.
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False. Exact opposite.
Cisplatin is VERY TOXIC & requires diuretic like MANNITOL to PROTECT/flush kidneys. |
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Besides bone marrow aplasia, this drug permanently accumulates in cardiac tissue, leading to CHF.
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Doxorubicin
(Cannot exceed max. cumulative lifetime dose; or will go into heart failure) |
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Minimal side effect to bone marrow, but toxicity includes: PNEUMONITES (inflammation of lungs)
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Bleomycin (Blenoxane)
(Used in combination with other drugs due to toxicity) |
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This chemo drug may require Lecovorin rescue:
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Methotrexate
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Chemo drug that interferes w/ activation of folic acid to tetrahydrofolate
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Methotrexate
(may require leucovorin rescue; which is Vitamin B-9) |
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1. Antidote for METHOTREXATE
2. Cells are killed by turning OFF DNA & RNA synthesis. Drug masquerades as folic acid (Vitamin B-9) |
Leucovorin rescue (to save the normal cells)
Methotrexate |
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Diethylstilbestrol (DES) could be used as a synthetic_________cancer drug for treatment of:
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Estrogen
A man w/ cancer *stimulated by testosterone* (testicular cancer) |
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(Provera) could be used as a synthetic_________cancer drug for treament of:
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Progesterone
uterine cancers |
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1. Instead of using Testosterones for treatment of estrogen sensitive tumors, we use:
2. For treatment of: 3. Two drug examples: |
1. ANTI-ESTROGENS (ANTI-hormonal drugs)
2. For prevention of, or palliative therapy for: breast cancer. 3. Tamoxifen or Anastrozole |
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1. Corticosteroid drugs are used *adjunctively* in cancers like:_______ that cause INCREASED Lymphocytes.
2. Two Corticosteroid drugs used for cancer: |
1. Lymphomas, & Leukemias
2. Prednisone & Dexamethasone (Decadron) "-SONE" |
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Chemo drug (used in combination) whose toxicities include neurologic numbness & weakness
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Vincristine
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Which category below of cancer drugs cross the BBB?
1. Antimetabolites 2. Nitrosoureas 3. Alkylatin Agents Name the two drugs: |
Nitrosoureas
(BCNU) & (CCUN) |
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1. Is the BCG Vaccine utilized in the U.S.?
2. What kind of cancer could it be used for? |
NO.
Bladder Cancer. |
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Name two immunoadjuvant drugs that helps STIMULATE the body's immune system?
2. T or F, many viruses (like HIV, Hepatitis, HPV, & Kaposi Sarcoma) may cause cancer. |
LEVAMISOLE (used for GI cancers & colon cancers) &
INTERFERONS (fights off viral infections) 2. True |
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The following immunoadjuvants, may help stimulate the body's own immune system to fight off viral infections:
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1. Levamiscole
2. Interferons (naturally occurring) 3. BCG (TB) Vaccine (not used in US) |
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"Palliative therapy" is not curative, just helps manage suffering & symptoms of cancer.
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True
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Chemo is usually done in combination with multiple drugs, and drugs are based on BODY SURFACE area (not weight).
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True
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Drugs work in the G-O phase?
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No. S- PHASE
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