Cj Ch 6

The practice of having an entire patrol section make numerous traffic stops and field interrogations.

The use of computer technology to commit a crime

Patrolling under guidance or orders on how to use patrol time.

The unlawful use, or threatened use of force or violence by a group or individual based and operating entirely within the United State's or its territories without foreign direction committed against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives.

A temporary detention in which officers stop and question pedestrians and motorists they find in suspicious circumstances..

A technique that involves the charting of crime patterns within a geographic area

Violent acts dangerous to human life that are a violation of the criminal laws of the United States or any state, or that would be a criminal violation if commited within the jurisdiction of the United States or any state. These acts appear to be intended to intimidate or coerce a civilian population, influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coerce, or affect the conduct of a government by assassination or kidnapping. International terrorists acts occur outside the united states or transcend national boundaries in terms of the means by which they are accomplished, the persons they appear intended to coerce or imtimidate, or the locale in which the perpentrators operate or seek asylum.

The different overall approaches to police job.

Patrolling the streets with little direction; between responses to radio calls, officers are 'systematically unsystematic" and observant in an attempt to both prevent and ferret out crime. AKA random patrol.

The rights and responsibilities associated with a particular position in society.

The psychological stress and frustration that results from trying to perform two or more incompatible responsibilities.

The behavior and actions that people expect from a person in a particular role.

The systematic use of terror or unpredictable violence against governments, publics or individuals to attain a political objective; the unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment therof, in furtheranance of political or social objectives; or premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influemce an audience.

In some agencies, the special units assigned to all traffic accident investigations.

1. Quick decision making

2. Independent nature of police work

3. "Dirty work"

4. Danger

1. Legalistic style

2. Watchman style

3. Service style

Foot, direct and aggressive

The emphasis is on violations of law and use of threats or actual arrests to solve disputes in the community. In theory, the more arrests that are made, the safer a community is often found in large metropolitan areas.

The emphasis is on informal means of resolving disputes and problems in a community. Keeping the peace is the paramount concern and arrest is used only as a last resort to resolve any kind of disturbance of the peace. This style of policing is most commonly found in economically poorer communities.

The emphasis is on helping in the community as opposed to enforcing the law. Referrals & diversion to community treatment agencies are more common than arrest & formal court action. The service is most likely to be found in wealthy communities.

1. Preventive patrol

2. Direct patrol

3. Foot patrol

4. Aggressive patrol

It inconvienences innocent citizens and officers are usually reluctant to perform their duty in an aggressive way.

Foot patrol

Lawful search for people and things to reconstruct the circumstances of an illegal act, apprehend or determine the guilty party and in the state's prosecution of the offender

1. Preliminary hearing or initial appearance/investigation

2. follow up investigation

1. Locate witnesses and suspects

2. Arrest criminals

3. Collect, preserve and analyze evidence

4. Interview witnesses

5. Interrogate suspects

6. Write report

7. Recover stolen property

8. Seize contraband

9. Prepare cases and testify in court

Detectives investigate promising cases for follow up investigation and have the cards stacked against them most of the time. Unless they discover during the preliminary hearing investigation, a named suspect or a description or other information that leads to a named suspect, the chances of solving the crime are low.

1. They don't have to wear uniforms

2. They have anonymity during work hours if they choose it

3. They have steady work hours, often daytime hours with weekends off

4. They have offices and desks

5. They enjoy prestige associated with the position

6. In many agencies, detectives receive higher compensation and hold higher rank

7. Perhaps most important, they enjoy more freedom than patrol officers from the police radio, geographical boundaries.and close supervision

1. Development of integrated automated fingerprint identification system

2. DNA profiling

1. Street level enforcement

2. Mid level investigation

3. Major investigation

4. Smuggling interdiction

1. Newark New Jersey experiment

2. Flint Michigan experiment

Conducted 1972, had no difference in crime rate and the districts didn't notice any differences in the patrolling

residents noticed when foot patrol was presented to the neighborhood and when it was not. People were more satisfied with police service when foot patrol officers delivered it and people were less afraid than citizens being served by vehicle patrols.

residents had a decrese fear of crime, felt more secure when foot patrol was deployed in their neighborhood and satisfaction with police service increased. There was a moderate decrease in crime and number of calls for police service decreased.

1. Preventive patrol

2. Quick response time

3. Follow up investigation

Minor annoyances are signs of crime and cause fear of crime that if aren't dealt with early on will create more serious and costly problems later on.