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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Kinesiology |
The study of movement |
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Biomechanics |
Mechanical principles that relate directly to the human body |
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Kinetics |
Those forces causing movement |
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Kinematics
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The time, space, and mass aspects of a moving system |
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Anatomical position |
the human body standing in an upright position |
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Fundamental position |
the same as the anatomical position except that the palms face the sides of the body |
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Medial |
Refers to a location or position toward the midline |
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Lateral |
Refers to a location or position farther from the midline |
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Anterior |
Refers to the front of the body or to position closer to the front |
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Posterior |
Refers to the back of the body or a position toward the back. |
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Ventral |
a synonym with the same meaning of anterior |
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Dorsal |
a synonym of posterior |
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Distal |
means away from the trunk |
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Proximal |
means toward the trunk |
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Superior |
used to indicate the location of a body part that is above another or to refer to the upper surface of an organ or a structure. |
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Inferior |
indicates that a body part is below another or refers to the lower surface of an organ or structure |
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Cranial |
refers to a position or structure close to the head |
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Caudal |
refers to a position or structure closer to the feet |
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Superficial or deep |
A structure described depending on its relative depth |
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Supine |
a person in lying straight, with the face, or anterior surface, pointed upward. |
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Prone |
position is horizontal, with the face or anterior surface, pointed downward. |
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Contralateral |
the opposite side |
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Arm |
the bone between the shoulder and the elbow joint |
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Forearm (radius and ulna) |
between the elbow and the wrist |
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Hand |
distal to the wrist |
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Thigh (femur) |
between the hip and the knee joint |
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Leg (tibia and fibula) |
between the knee and the ankle joint |
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Foot |
Distal to the ankle |
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Thorax (chest) |
Made up of the ribs, sternum, and mostly thoracic vertebrae. |
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Abdomen(lower trunk) |
made up of the pelvis, stomach, and mostly lumbar vertebrae |
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Neck |
cervical vertebrae |
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Head |
skull |
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Linear motion |
also called translatory motion, occurs in a more or less straight line from one location to another |
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Rectilinear motion |
Movement that occurs in a straight line |
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Curvilinear motion |
Movement that occurs in a path that isn't neccessarily circular |
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Angular motion |
Movemnt of an object around a fixed point |
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Osteokinematics |
deals with the relationship of the movement of bones around a joint axis |
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Arthokinematics |
deals with the relationship of joint surface movement |
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Flexion |
the bending movement of one bone on another, bringing the two segments together and causing and increase in the joint angle |
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Extension |
the straightening movement of one bone away from another, causing an increase of the joint angle |
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Hyperextension |
the continuation of extension beyond the anatomical position |
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Palmar flexion |
Flexion at the wrist |
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Plantar flexion |
Flexion at the ankle |
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Dorsiflexion |
Extension at the wrist and ankle joints |
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Abduction |
movement away from the midline |
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Adduction |
movement toward the midline |
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Radial deviation |
When the hands move laterally or toward the thumb side |
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Ulnar deviation |
When the hand moves medially from the anatomical position toward the little finger side at the wrist |
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Lateral bending |
When the trunk moves sideways |
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Circumduction |
Motion that describes a circular, cone- shaped pattern. It involves a combination of four joint motions: (1) flexion (2) abduction, (3) extension, (4) adduction |
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Medial rotation (internal rotation) |
When the anterior surface rolls inward toward the midline |
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Lateral rotation (external rotation) |
the anterior surface rolls outward, away from midline |
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Supination |
faces palm of hand forward, or anteriorly |
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Pronation |
the palm is facing backward or posteriorly |
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Inversion |
moving the sole of the foot inward at the ankle |
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Eversion |
Outward movement of the ankle |
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Protraction |
a linear movement along a plane parallel to the ground and away from the midline |
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Retraction |
A linear movement in the same plane but toward the midline |