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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
matter |
anything that has mass and takes up space |
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atom |
a small particle that makes up matter |
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physical property |
properties that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
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mass |
amount of matter in an object
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weight |
measurement of the pull of gravity on an object
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volume |
amount of space that matter takes up |
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density |
measurement of how much mass fits in within a certain volume |
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calculating density |
mass/volume |
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fluids |
liquids and gases that can flow |
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buoyance |
the ability of an object to float in a fluid |
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Archimedes' Principle |
states that buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid that is displaced |
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solids |
have a definite shape and occupies a definite volume |
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Liquid |
have a definite volume but not a definite shape. takes the shape of the container |
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gas |
has no definite shape or volume |
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temperature |
measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a material |
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melting point |
temperature at which the solid melts to become a liquid |
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freezing point |
temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid |
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boiling point |
temperature at which a liquid boils |
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condensation |
process when a gas becomes a liquid |
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vaporization |
process when a liquid becomes a gas |
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chemical properties |
the ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more new substances |
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reactivity |
how easily one substance reacts with another substance |
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acids |
release hydrogen ions into a solution and make litmus paper red |
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bases |
turn litmus paper blue and release hydroxide ions into solutions |
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neutralization |
when acids and bases combine to form salts |
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physical change |
alters the form of an object without changing what type of matter it is |
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chemical change |
a change in matter in which the substances that make up the matter changes into other substances |
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precipitate |
a solid that sometimes forms when two liquids combine |
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chemical bonds |
forces that hold atoms together |
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chemical reaction |
process that produces chemical change, resulting in new substances that have properties different from those of the original substances |
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reactants |
substances that exist before the reaction happens and on the left side of an equation |
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products |
substances that form as a result of the reaction and on the right side of an equation |
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Chemical equation |
shorthand way to write a chemical equation |
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law of conservation of mass |
matter cannot be created nor destroyed |