Com 1290 - Chapter 7

One-way or two-way

One-way or two-way

Cooperative or competitive

1. Discourse

2. Dialogue

3. Debate

4. Diatribe

One-way cooperative, sender sends information to the receiver (e.g. professor giving a lecture)

Traditional conversation, two-way cooperative, exchanging information to build relationships

Two-way competitive conversation, trying to win an argument or persuade someone

One-way competitive conversation, to express emotions, browbeat those who disagree, and/or inspire those who share same perspective

1. Physical needs (communicating with others is good for health)

2. Identity needs (communication influences self-perception)

3. Social needs (communicating to initiate, maintain, and terminate relationships)

4. Practical needs (to exchange information or solve problems)

1. Control (to gain compliance)

2. Relaxation (to rest or relax)

3. Escape (reasons for diversion/avoiding)

4. Inclusion (to express emotion & connect)

5. Affection (to express love & caring)

6. Pleasure (communicating for enjoyment & excitement)

Process of purposefully communicating information about one's self

1. Social integration

2. Impression management

Self-disclosing to develop interpersonal relationships, to demonstrate we have commonality with another person

An understanding of what happens when an individual within an interaction violates the norms for that interaction

(e.g. standing too close while talking, a stranger gives you their life story when meeting them for the first time)

Self-disclosing to portray a specific impression of who we are to others

1. Self-descriptions (talk about specific characteristics of ourselves)

2. Accounts (attempting to explain something that their interactant may already know)

3. Apologies (admitting you did something wrong while downplaying severity of the incident/outcomes)

4. Entitlements & enhancements (explain a desirable event in a way that maximizes desirable implications)

5. Flattery (use of compliments to get the other person to like you more)

6. Favors (doing something nice for someone to gain their approval)

Explains how individuals gradually become more intimate based on their communication behaviors

Basic idea that we build trust in our relationships as we self-disclose revealing info about ourselves, and learn more about ourselves as we receive feedback from people we're interacting with

1. Open Self (known to self & others)

2. Hidden Self (known to self & not others)

3. Blind Self (known to others & not self)

4. Unknown Self (unknown to self & others)

Passive activity where an individual perceives sound by detecting vibrations through an ear

An active process defined as "focused, concentrated attention for the purpose of understanding the meanings expressed by a [source]"

Careful systematic thinking and reasoning to see whether a message makes sense in light of factual evidence

1. Silent Listening

2. Questioning

3. Paraphrasing

4. Empathizing

5. Supporting

6. Analyzing

7. Evaluating

8. Advising

When you say nothing in response

(can be great or awful depending on the situation and how it's used)

Asking questions to understand the situation better

Rephrasing in your own words what the speaker said

Putting yourself in their situation to understand what the speaker means

Showing that you endorse the speaker

Counseling, recommending, and offering information that will help the speaker

Assessing the best course of action

Halt (halt what you're doing and offer your full attention)

Enjoy (enjoy a breath as you choose to receive what's being communicated to you)

Ask (ask yourself if you know what they mean, if not, ask for clarification)

Reflect (reflect back to them what you heard)