Community Health Exam 1

SOCIAL JUSTICE, which entitles all people to basic necessities such as adequate income and health protection and accepts collective burdens to make this possible

-the synthesis of nursing practice and public health practice

-major goal is to preserve the health of the comm. and surrounding populations

-focuses on health promotion and health maintainance of individuals, families, and groups in the comm.

-is associated with health and identification of pop. at risk rather than an episodic response to patient demand.

a group of persons who share a common identity and environment...it is a group of collection of locality-based individuals, interacting in social units and sharing common interests, chara., values and goals.

primary

secondary and

tertiary

ex. immunizations

-prevention of problems before they occur

-health promotion and health protection

ex. screening for STIs

-early detection and interactions

-early diagnosis and treatment

ex. teaching insulin administration

-correction and prevention of deterioration of a disease state

-limitation of disability and rehabilitation

hunting and gathering

settled villages

preindustrial cities=communicable diseases

industries=small pox

present period

in this stage people avoided contagious disease because small and seperated from other aggregates

spread of diseases through feces was not a problem because the people just left when it got too bad

concentration of more ppl caused health problems. domestic pets lived close; diseases such as salmonells, anthrax, Qfever, and TB; water contamination problems.

communicable diseases

waste removal via waterline=cholera

small pox

increase in resp. diseases and traders increased communicable disease and increase in rodents led to the plague.

trying to address chronic disease, smoking, substance abuse, and all things that are caused from personal behaviors.

a Christian woman that established the hospital for the sick (from the Roman times)

modern public health practices ex. isolation, disinfection, quarantines emerged

-best ways during this period to control the spread of disease (plague)

-beak-man with the cane.

Elizabethan Poor Laws enacted and established local parishes (first public health laws)

during the time of the industrial revolution

poor children where forced into labor.

vaccination was discovered by EDWARD JENNER

(small pox; discovered those inoculated against cow pox didn't get small pox)

communicable diseases ravaged the population that lived in unsanitary conditions and contaminated food and water.

John Snow demonstrated transmission of cholera in public water sources

(took the handle off the water pump)

credited with establishing modern nursing

-concern for environmental determinants of health

-emphasis on sanitation, community assessment, and analysis

-focused on the statistics of data on things that she wanted to change.

Chemist who discovered the theory of germs; discovered immunizations and the rabies vaccines

applied pasteur's theory, discovered causative agent for cholera and the tubercle bacillus

surgical success with wound care

noticed that a break in bone and skin cause infection; just a break was uneventful.

Nurses went out in conjunction with a social worker; focused on nursing care and health education

-worked with florance nightingale to educate health nurses

this lady est. the Henry Street Settlement with Mary Brewster

Created the first school of nursing and Lillian Wald was the first president

healthful living

Cure

goal of this was to "help people to help themselves"

-looking at the individual ad sometimes family response to health and illness

-often emphasizes behavorial responses to individual's illness or lifestyle patterns

-nursing interventions are often aimed at modifying individual's behavior by changing his or her perceptions or belief systems

-examines the population as a whole interfamily and intercommunity themes in health and illness

-delineates factors in the population that perpetuate the development of illness or foster he development of health

-main emphasis in on social, economic, and environmental precursors of illness

-nursing interventions may include modifying social or environmental variables

-may involve social or political action.

society is the focus of change (macroscopic)

-address the problem that becomes an issue

-looking at the population as a whole

looking at the problem at the individual level

-treating the problem after the fact.

The "who"

-comm.. composed of ppl who have common. characteristics.

-share personal chara. and risks.

helps to assess the comm. by:

-gaining an understanding of environmental layout

-locate possible areas of environmental concern through sight, sense, and sound

-gives nurses an opportunity to observe people and their role in the comm.

demand for services and the market behavior of the targeted pop.

-exactly what they need or what their wished are regarding their comm.

-the group will come out and say what they need

-you have to watch their behavior and determine their needs for a service or market

lack, deficit, or inadequacy of services determined by health professionals

wants and desires expressed by the audience

-what they think would improve their comm. or things they would need to address the problem they are experiencing.

gap showing health disparities between advantaged and disadvantaged population.

people have to take control to make changes.

this act provides better hospital access and increased number of beds, increased quality of care in rural areas, and introduced a systemactic state-wide planning.

individuals and families who lack a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence and includes a subset for an individual who resided in an emergency shelter or place not meant for human habitation and who is exiting an institution where he or she temporarily resided.

individuals and families who will imminently lose their primary nighttime residence

unaccompanied youth and families with children and youth who are defined as homeless under other federal statutes who do not otherwise qualify as homeless under this definition

Individuals and families who are fleeing, or are attempting flee, domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, stalking, or other dangerous or life-threatening conditions that relate to violence against the individual or a family member.

a system in which healthcare and social services are provided to homebound or disabled people in their homes rather than medical facilities

focused on monitoring outcome-based QUALITY improvement.

-is the outcome and assessment information set that is a data set that determines Medicare pay rate and measures outcomes of adult home care patients to monitor outcome-based quality improvement.

-is mandatory for all Medicare and Medicaid patients receiving skilled care.

patients who do not have a life expectancy of less than 6months and want to continue curative treatment this care focuses on symptom management while while the patient is still receiving other treatments.

care when the patient have 6 months or less to live and the care shifts from curative to comfort care.

-improves end of life care for the terminally ill

-relieves suffering throughout the illness

-supports the patient and family/caregiver through the dying process

-provides grief support to the family after the patient has died.