Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What was the emphasis in the Rehabilitative Era? |
The professionalizing of staff through recruitment and training, and the implementation of many self-improvement programs of prison management. |
|
T/F: Atavism implied that criminals are born, and criminal behavior is predetermined. |
True |
|
Whose efforts in jail reform led to the passing of the Penitentiary Act in 1779? |
John Howard |
|
T/F: The amount of money directed to criminal justice agencies has decreased greatly in recent years. |
False |
|
Which early colonial bail system enabled rich offenders to pay a fee and be released? |
Fee system |
|
Which of the following statements is true of the Walnut Street Jail? |
Prison administrators often put masks on inmates as they moved through the prison, to avoid identification in case they met each other after release. |
|
T/F: Under the medical model, offenders were believed to be "sick," inflicted with problems that caused their criminality. |
True |
|
T/F: The criminal justice system has made many adjustments to involve victims in the process of sentencing criminals. |
True |
|
Which correctional era advocated an environment that emphasized reformation, education, and vocational programs, and focused offenders' attention on the future? |
Reformatory Era |
|
What is the hands-off doctrine? |
Avoidance by the US Supreme Court of judicial intervention in the operations of prisons and the judgement of correctional administrators. |
|
T/F: By the beginning of the twentieth century, preparation for release was considered an important part of the prison experience, and correctional systems provided programs to prepare inmates for the community transition |
True |
|
T/F: The police, the courts, and judges make up the three major components of the criminal justice system. |
False |
|
Which 1987 US Supreme Court decision upheld the ability of a magistrate to confine an offender on the presumption that he or she was dangerous? |
United States v. Salemo |
|
Which of the following is NOT relevant for the pretrial diversion program? |
All offenders with successful pretrial diversion programs have a formal criminal record of the offense. |
|
Which of the following is NOT an alternative to bail? |
Preventive detention |
|
Who initiated the concept of "good time?" |
Alexander Maconochie |
|
T/F: Non-incarceration sentences include economic sanctions, probation, and intermediate sanctions. |
True |
|
In which of the following sentencing models do judges have primary discretion in creating the sentence? |
Judicial form of sentencing |
|
Which of the following is included in a presentence investigation (PSI)? |
The range of allowable sanctions |
|
Which of the following is NOT true of determinate sentences? |
Offenders are subject to release by parole boards. |