Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What was special about the election of 1824?
|
-majority of states allowed voters to chooose their presidential electors directly
-also less voter support for candidates nominated by party leaders |
|
in earlier elections these had chosen their parties' nominee
|
congressional caucuses
|
|
Who were the candidates for the Election of 1824?
|
John Quincy Adams, Henry Clary, William Crawford, and Andrew Jackson
|
|
What did the Election of 1824 bring about?
|
the demise of the caucus system
|
|
Who won the most popular and electoral votes in the Election of 1824? How come that wasn't enough to be President?
|
Andrew Jackson
It wasn't a majority |
|
What was the "Corrupt Bargain"?
|
The Speaker of the House was Henry Clay. He put Adams in the President's seat. Adams put Clay in as Secretary of State
|
|
What happened during John Quincy Adams' presidency?
|
The Congress was largely against him so he ended up not being able to accomplish anything
|
|
The coalition put together to help Jackson win the next election
|
The present day democratic party
|
|
a pamphlet which released which accused Jackson of murdering his enlisted men during the Indian wars
|
Coffin Handbill
|
|
What created the modern political campaign?
|
The campaigns of Adams vs. Jackson
|
|
trading jobs for political favors
|
spoils system
|
|
What was the age of Jackson's presidency called
|
Jacksonian democracy
|
|
the extension of voting rights to all white males (even those who don't own property)
|
universal white manhood suffrage
|
|
Jackson's most highly criticized move (in today's standards)
|
Indian Removal Act
|
|
What did Jefferson believe was the key to coexist with the Native Americans?
|
That Native Americans "learned to live on less land"`
|
|
What caused Americans to suddenly want Cherokee land?
|
There was gold found there
|
|
What were the two cases over the Cherokee land? Who did they favor?
|
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
Worcester v. Georgia The Cherokees |
|
Who said
"John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it" |
Andrew Jackson
|
|
What was a major issue of Jackson's presidency? What caused it?
|
Nullification
Tariff of 1828 |
|
What was the Tariff of 1828 also known as?
|
Tariff of Abominations
|
|
What were some of the many things that Jackson did in office?
|
-excessive use of veto
-fought against reform and the bank -released the Specie Circular |
|
ended the policy of selling government land on credit (buyers had to pay hard cash)
|
Specie Circular
|
|
What did the Specie Circular cause?
|
a money shortage
|
|
A preacher had a vision that his black libertarian movement would succeed. So he killed 60 white people
|
Nat Turner's Rebellion
|
|
What was the effect of Nat Turner's Rebellion?
|
-200 slaves (some unconnected) were killed
-the black codes were passed |
|
prohibited blacks from congregating and learning to read
|
black codes
|
|
What was one thing the Whigs had in common?
|
They didn't like the Democrats' policies
|
|
Why was Martin van Buren an unfortunate president?
|
He took office right when there was an economic crisis. And furthered it by continuing Jackson's hard currency policy
|
|
Who took over van Buren?
|
William Henry Harrison
|
|
What happened during Harrison's presidency?
|
He died of pneumonia and his vice Tyler took over
|
|
Who was the "President without a party"? Why?
|
John Tyler. He did the exact opposite of the Whigs often, and his cabinet members and parties alienated him
|
|
What was the market like before the 1800s?
|
It was mostly bartering
|
|
people trade their labor or goods for cash, which they then use to buy other people's labor or goods
|
market economy
|
|
What do market economies favor? A farmer who specializes or a farmer who grows a variety?
|
Specializes
|
|
What is the trade off of the market economy?
|
They are no longer self-sufficient
|
|
What are the pros and cons of market economies? What is this called collectively?
|
-provide more service and grow more quickly
-more prone to change and can throw halts and skids very well Boom-and-bust cycles |
|
revolutionized Sothern agriculture by making it easier to remove seeds from cotton plants
|
cotton gin
|
|
What did Eli Whitney create?
|
-cotton gin
-interchangeable parts |
|
What did interchangeable parts create?
|
the machine-tool industry
assembly line production |
|
What did the invention of the power loom do?
|
women bought fabric instead of making it because it was cheap and high quality
|
|
most famous worker-enticement program
|
Lowell system (Waltham system)
|
|
Which industries sprung up as a result of the textile industry?
|
clothing manufacturer
retailers brokers commercial banks transportation industry |
|
Which two routes of transportation made traveling easier?
|
National Road
Erie Canal |
|
What happened to the other places that tried to imitate the Erie Canal?
|
They failed
|
|
What two modes of transportation were created?
|
railroad and steamships
|
|
What came in handy as a result of the increase in transportation?
|
the telegraph
|
|
What caused New England to quit farming and some others to move to cities?
|
New England's rocky ground a depleted soil were not compatible with the new tools of the time
|
|
What was a major cash crop in the Deep South? Upper South?
|
cotton
tobacco |
|
What kind of plantations were the cash crop plantations?
|
Small farmers with no slaves
|
|
belief that Amerca had a God-given right to the Western territories
|
America's Manifest Destiny
|
|
What happened to Texas?
|
Mexico opened up land and American cattle ranchers flooded the area but didn't concede to become citizens or obey laws such as no slaves
|
|
Which foreign powers besides America were claiming Oregon?
|
Native Americans, British, and Russians
|
|
What were the sections of America like and how did they view slavery?
|
North- highey industrialized; didn't like slavery
South- agrarian; depended on slavery West- commercial farming, fur trapping, and real-estate speculation; wanted to stay out of it |
|
What are several generalizations about tariffs?
|
North and republicans would like tariffs, south and democrats wouldn't.
|
|
What were three advantages of city-life?
|
-more jobs
-more opportunities for social advancement -more leisure-time options |
|
men should work while women devote themselves to homemaking
|
cult of domesticity
|
|
Who were those most often in poverty?
|
recent immigrants
|
|
Where were the most immigrants coming from at this time?
|
Ireland and Germany
|
|
wealthiest Southern citizens consisted mainly of plantation owners
|
planter aristocracy
|
|
belief that the slave system benefitted all participants, including slaves
|
southern paternalism
|
|
What state did slaves live in economically?
|
subsistence poverty
|
|
How did slaves learn to live in those conditions?
|
Developed their own culture which was a mix of Africa and Christianity
Violated rules subtly |
|
farmers that owned no slaves and worked their small tracts of land with only their families
|
yeoman farmers
|
|
farmed as tenants or hired themselves out as manual laborers
|
landless whites
|
|
What was the difficulty level of becoming a landless white to a yeoman farmer?
|
very difficult
|
|
prevented free blacks from owning guns, drinking liquor, and assembling in groups bigger than three (except church)
|
black codes
|
|
ignored the requirement to buy land and simply moved onto unoccupied tract on their own
|
squatters
|
|
What was Ohio Valley's land good for?
|
grain production
dairy farming |
|
Another name for fur-traders
|
over-mountain men
|
|
How did the West come to symbolize freedom and equality?
|
possibilies for advancement and getting a new start on life
|
|
was a period of religious revival, mainly among Methodists, Presbyterians, and Baptists
|
Second Great Awakening
|
|
movements which tried to encourage people to sign the pledge not to drink or sought outright prohibition
|
Temperence societies
|
|
a society that focussed on not only eliminating prostitution but also rehabilitating the women involved
|
The Female Moral Reform Society
|
|
What did Dorothea Dix do?
|
Established penitentiaries (that reformed criminals), asylums, and orphanages
|
|
splinter from the Quakers, that was highly involved with their afterlife, swore celibacy
|
Shakers
|
|
What are some other utopian groups?
|
Oneida and New Harmony`
|
|
a group of nonconformist Unitarian writers and philosophers who drew their inspiration from European romanticism
|
Transcendentalists
|
|
Name some Transcendentalists
|
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau |
|
Who held the Seneca Falls convention?
|
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Lucretia Mott |
|
What did Stanton and Mott write?
|
Declaration of Rights and Sentiments of Women
|
|
Stanton would team up with Susan B. Anthony to create:
|
National Women Suffrage Association
|
|
was instrumental in pushing for public education and education reform in general
|
Horace Mann
|
|
Who said:
"Education is the great equalizer" |
Horace Mann
|
|
What were the two groups of white abolitionists?
|
Moderates
Immediatists |
|
Who published the newspaper, the Liberator?
|
William Lloyd Garrison
|
|
supressed discussion of the issue of slavery
|
gag rule
|
|
How long did the gag rule last?
|
1836 to 1844
|
|
published The North Star
|
Frederick Douglas
|
|
three blacks who helped with the abolition movement
|
Frederick Douglas
Harriet Tubman Sojourner Truth |