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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Why are homicides and aggravated assults more common in urban areas? |
Population density Household overcrowding Weak social institutions |
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Geographic patterns |
Higher in urban areas Homicide rates highest in south |
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Young black males rise in crime why? |
Despair resulting from declining exonomic opp. Increased drug trafficking Increased use of powerful handguns |
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Murder |
Unlawful killing of one han by another |
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Forcible rape |
Forcing sexual intercourse on someone against there will |
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Sheild law |
Violence against women act of 1994 (violation of civil rights) |
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Rape |
A violent corercive act of aggression not a forceful expression of sexuality |
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1st degree murder |
Person kills another after premeditation |
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2nd degree murder |
Malice aforethought but not premeditated-bar fight and guy dies |
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Felony murder |
Killing accompanying a committed felony |
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Manslaughter |
Unlawful homicide without malice |
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Voluntary manslaughter |
Injur with intent but without malice equaling death |
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Involuntary manslaughter |
Recklessley taking the life of another-bar fight and people die due to fire escape locked |
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Justified homicide |
Self defense |
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Excusable homicide |
Death occurred not due to negligence and accused acted prudent and reasonable |
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School violence |
Availability to guns media violence and a culture of violence Offenders likely to be those rejected by parents and peers |
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Primary homicides |
Involve family memebers and friends Expensive crimes result from interpersonal hostility |
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Non primary homicides |
Involve victims and offenders who have no prior relationship |
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Robbery |
Taking or attempting to take anything if value from care custody or control of a person by force or threat of force or violence Robbing is by FORCE |
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Why do people committ robbery? |
Economic gain Desire to look cool or gain respect |
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Typologies of robbery |
Open area After association Robbery after long duration |
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Assult |
Most reported Requires no actual touching but involves either attempted battery or intentionally frightening the victim by word or deed |
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Battery |
Requires offensive touching such as hitting or slapping a victim |
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Aggravated assult |
The unlawful act by one person on another for the purpose of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury -domestic violence |
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Stalking |
Knowling and willfully follows another person or places a person under survaliance and or: Transmits a threat or places that person in immediate bodily harm |
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Stalking laws |
Illinois-class 4 felony If the victim is harmed, put in confinmemt or restraints or violates a restraining order it is a class 3 felony |
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Why do men committ most homicides and aggravated assult? |
Confrontational homicide-"contest of honor" Violent nature of masculinity Poverty |
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Similarities between molestation and rape |
Mostly male perpetrators Female victims between 5-20 yrs Usually premeditated Mostly heterosexual Interracial Dominance and power |
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Property crimes |
Make up over half of all crimes Most people have committed property crimes Costly |
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Geographic patterns of property crime |
Highest in west and lowest in northwest (ncvs) Ucr indicates highest in south Higher in urban |
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Criminal career |
Criminal behavior as an integrated dynamic structure of sequential unlawful acts that advances within a wider context of causal and correlative influences |
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Who tends to be shoplifters? |
Juveniles All social classes |
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Larceny |
Theft Trespassing, taking and carrying away of personal property |
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Petty larceny |
Small amounts of money or property $50-100 |
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Grand larceny |
Theft of property from a person exceeding $300 |
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Fraud |
Obtaining property by false pretenses |
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Sexualized burglary |
Fetishes |
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Offense specialization |
A preference for a certain type of offense |
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Cafeteria style offending |
Heterogeneous and unplanned nature of offending among gang members |
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Occasional offenders |
A criminal offender whose offending patterns are guided primarily by opportunity |
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5 categories of auto theft |
Joyriding-stealing for benefit Short term-stealing to get somewhere Long term- intention to keep cars Profit-stealing for profit Commission of another crime |
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Burglary |
Any unlawful entry of a structure to commit theft or felony |
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3 subclasses of buglary |
Forcible entry Unlawful entry No force used,attempted forcible entry |
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The good burglar |
Specialization Finincial success Ability to avoid prision sentence |
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The burglars career ladder |
Journeyman Professional Rational decision making |
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Arson |
Willful and malicious burning of a home public building... |
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Aggravated arson |
Burning knowing that there are other people inside or involved in any harm |
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Criminal sexual assult |
Act of sexual penetration by force or threat |
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Terrible triad |
Bed wetting Fire starting Animal torture |