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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Describe the difference between the if/else if statement and a series of its statements. |
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In an if/else if statement, what is the purpose of a trailing else? |
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What is a flag and how does it work? |
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Can an if statement test expressions other than relational expressions? Explain. |
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Briefly describe how the && operator works. |
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Briefly describe how the || operator works. |
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Why are the relational operators called relational? |
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Why do most programmers indent the conditionally executed statements in a decision structure? |
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An expression using the greater-than, less-than, greater-than-or-equal-to, less-than-or-equal-to, or not-equal to operator is called a(n) ____________ expression. |
Relational |
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A relational expression is either ___________ or __________. |
True, false |
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The value of a relational expression is 0 if the expression is ___________ or 1 if the expression is ___________. |
False, true |
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For an if statement to conditionally execute a group of statements, the statements must be enclosed in a set of ___________. |
Braces |
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In an if/else statement, the if part executes its statement or block if the expression is ___________, and the else part executes its statement or block if the expression is ___________. |
True, false |
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The trailing else in an if/else if statement has a similar purpose as the ___________ section of a switch statement. |
Default |
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The if/else if statement is actually a form of the ___________ if statement. |
Nested |
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If the sub-expression on the left of the ___________ logical operator is false, the right expression is not checked. |
&& |
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If the sub-expression on the left of the ___________ logical operator is true, the right expression is not checked. |
|| |
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The ___________ logical operator has higher precedence than the other logical operators. |
! |
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The logical operators have a ___________ associativity. |
Left/right |
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The ___________ logical operator works best when testing a number to determine if it is within a range. |
&& |
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The ___________ logical operator works best when testing a number to determine if it is outside a range. |
|| |
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A variable with ___________ scope is only visible when the program is executing in the block containing the variable's definition. |
Block |
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You use the ___________ operator to determine whether one string object is greater than another string object. |
> |
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An expression using the conditional operator is called a(n) ___________ expression. |
Conditional |
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The expression that is tested by a switch statement must have a(n) ___________ value. |
Integer or char |
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The expression following case statement must be a(n) ___________. |
Integer or char |
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A program will "fall through" a case section if it is missing the ___________ statement. |
Break |
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What value will be stored in the variable t after each of the following statements executes? A) t=(12>1) B) t=(2<0) C) t=(5==3*2) D) t=(5==5) |
A) 1 B) 0 C) 0 D) 1 |
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T/F The = operator and the == operator perform the same operation when used in a Boolean expression. |
False |
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T/F A variable defined in an inner block may not have the same name as a variable defined in the outer block. |
False |
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T/F A conditionally executed statement should be indented one level from the if statement. |
True |
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T/F All lines in a block should be indented one level. |
True |
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T/F It's safe to assume that all uninitialized variables automatically start with 0 as their value. |
False |
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T/F When an if statement is nested in the if part of another statement, as in an if/else if, the only time the inner is executed is when the expression of the outer is true. |
False |
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T/F The scope of a variable is limited to the block in which is is defined. |
True |
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T/F You can use the relational operators to compare string objects. |
True |
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T/F x!=y is the same as (x>y||x<y) |
True |
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T/F y<x is the same as x>=y |
False |
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T/F x>=y is the same as (x>y&&x=y) |
False |
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To ___________ a value means to increase it by one, and to ___________ a value means to decrease it by one. |
Increment, decrement |
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When the increment or decrement operator is placed before the operant (or to the operand's left), the operator is being used in ___________ mode. |
Prefix |
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When the increment or decrement operator is placed after the operand (or to the operand's right), the operator is being used in ___________ mode. |
Postfix |
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The statement or block that is repeated is known as the ___________ of the loop. |
Body |
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Each repetition of a loop is known as a(n)___________. |
Iteration |
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A loop that evaluates its test expression before each repetition is a(n) ___________ loop. |
Pretest |
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A loop that evaluates its test expression after each repetition is a(n) ___________ loop. |
Posttest |
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A loop that does not have a way of stopping is a(n) ___________ loop. |
Infinite/endless |
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A(n) ___________ is a variable that counts the number of times a loop repeats. |
Counter |
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A(n) ___________ is a sum of numbers that accumulates with each iteration of a loop. |
Running total |
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A(n) ___________ is a variable that is initialized to some starting value, usually zero, and then has numbers added to it in each iteration of a loop. |
Accumulator |
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A(n) ___________ is a special value that marks the end of a series of values. |
Sentinal |
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The ___________ loop always iterates at least once. |
Do-while |
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The ___________ and ___________ loops will not iterate at all if their test expressions are false to start with. |
While, for |
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The ___________ loop is ideal for situations that require a counter. |
For |
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Inside the for loop's parentheses, the first expression is the ___________, the second expression is the ___________, and the third expression is the ___________. |
Initialization, test, update |
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A loop that is inside another is called a(n) ___________ loop. |
Nested |
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The ___________ statement causes a loop to terminate immediately. |
Break |
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The ___________ statement causes a loop to skip the remaining statements in the current iteration. |
Continue |
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T/F The operand of the increment and decrement operators can be any valid mathematical expression. |
False |
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T/F The cout statement in the following program segment will display 5: intx=5; cout<<x++; |
True |
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T/F The cout statement in the following program segment will display 5: int x=5; cout<<++x; |
False |
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T/F The while loop is a pretest loop. |
True |
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The do-while loop is a pretest loop. |
False |
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The for loop is a posttest loop |
False |
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T/F It is not necessary to initialize counter variables. |
False |
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T/F All three of the for loop's expressions may be omitted. |
True |
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T/F One limitation of the for loop is that only one variable may be initialized in the initialization expression. |
False |
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T/F Variables may be defined inside the body of a loop. |
True |
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T/F A variable may be defined in the initialization expression of the for loop. |
True |
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T/F In a nested loop, the outer loop executes faster than the inner loop. |
False |
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T/F In a nested loop, the inner loop goes through all of its iterations for every single iteration of the outer loop. |
True |
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T/F To calculate the total number of iterations of a nested loop, add the number of iterations of all the loops. |
False |
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T/F The break statement causes a loop to stop the current iteration and begin the next one. |
False |
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T/F The continue statement causes a terminated loop to resume. |
False |
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T/F In a nested loop, the break statement only interrupts the loop it is placed in. |
True |
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T/F When you call an ofstream object's open member function, the specified file will be erased if it already exists. |
False |