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121 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Will OFDM Clause 17 radios interfere with ERP clause 19 radios?
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OFDM clause 17 and ERP clause 19 radios transmit in different frequency ranges and will not interfere with each other. OFDM clause 17 radios transmit in the 5 GHz UNII bands, and ERP clause 19 radios transmit in the 2.4GHz ISM band.
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Will OFDM radios interfere with HR-DSSS radios?
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OFDM clause 17 and HR-DSSS clause 18 radios transmit in the 5 GHz UNII bands, and HR-DSSS clause 18 radios transmit in the 2.4 GHz ISM band.
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What is the measurement of resistance to an alternating current?
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Impedence
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IEEE 802.3-2005 clause 33 is commonly know as ?
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Power Over Ethernet (POE)
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All AES processing used within CCMP uses AES with a ____-b key.
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128
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What is the 802.3af amendment known as?
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IEEE 802.3-2005 clause 33
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What are the 2 types of POE devices defined by the standard?
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Powered Devices (PDs) Power-sourcing equipment (PSE)
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A PD complaint with 802.3-2005 clause 33 must reply to the PSE with what?
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Detection signature
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What information does the classification signature provide to 802.3-2005 clause 33 power-sourcing equipment?
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How much power the PD will need
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What are the 802.3-2005 clause 33 PoE classes?
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Class 0 through Class 4
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How much power does a PSE that is complaint with 802.3-2005 clause 33 provide to a PD?
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A nominal 48 Volts (33 to 57 volts)
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Why does the POE PSE provide power greater that what is needed by the PD?
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It needs to account for the worst case scenario, where there may be power loss due to cables and connectors between the devices
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What is the maximum draw any powered device complaint with 802.3-2005 clause 33?
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12.95 watts
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If a PD compliant with 802.3-2005 clause 33 does not provide a classification signature, what is the default class?
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Class 0
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What are the names of the two methods that an endpoint PSE complaint with 802.3-2005 clause 33 can use to provide power?
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Alternative A and Alternative B
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What cable pairs do PoE alternative A use to provide power over?
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The data pairs
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What cable pairs do PoE alternative B use to provide power over?
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The unused pairs
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What PoE alternative does midspan PSE use?
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Alternative B
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What is a midspan PSE commonly know as?
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Power Injector
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What flavors of Ethernet does 802.3-2005 clause 33-complaint midspan PSE equipment work with?
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10BaseT and 100BaseT
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What are the other 2 names for point-to-multipoint networks?
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Hub, and spoke, star
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What does the acronym WISP stand for?
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Wireless Internet Service Provider
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What does the acronym SOHO stand for?
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Small Office / Home Office
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What does the term hotspot typically refer to?
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A free or pay-for-use wireless network that is provided as a service by a business
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What does the acronym FMC stand for?
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Fixed mobile convergence
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What is the goal of fixed mobile convergence (FMC)?
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To provide a single mobile device, with a single telephone number, that is capable of switching between wireless networks (that is, cellular, WiMAX, 802.11, and so forth), always using the lowest-cost netwotks
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FMC devices are typically capable of communicating via what types of wireless technologies?
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Cellular telephones networks, VoWiFi networks
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Which 802.11 amaendment could possibly standarize FMC?
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802.11u
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Which 802.11 amendment is often reffered to as WirelessInterWorking with External Networks (WIEN)?
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802.11u
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What does the acronym MSDC stan for?
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MAC Service Data Unit
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What does MPDU stand for?
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MAC protocol Data Unit
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What does PSDU stand for?
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PLCP Service Data Unit
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What does PLCP stand for?
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Physical Layer Convergence Procedure
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What does PPDU stand for?
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PLCP Protocol Data Unit
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When the Network Layer sends data to the Data Link Layer, it is handed off to the LLC. What does the data become know as?
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MAC Service Data Unit (MSDU)
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When LLC sends the MSDU to the MAC sublayer, the MAC header is added to it. What does the data become known as?
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MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU)
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What is the upper layer of the Physical layer known as?
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Physical layer Convergence Procedure (PLCP)
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What is the lower layer of the Physical layer known as?
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Physical Medium Dependent (PMD)
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What prepares the fram for transmission by taking the frame from the MAC sublayer and creating the PPDU?
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Physical Layer Convergence Procedure (PLCP)
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What layer modulates and transmits the data as bits?
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Physical Medium Dependent (PMD)
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What is the PLCP service Data Unit (PSDU) also known as?
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MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU)
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What is the MPDU also known as?
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PLCP Service Data Unit (PSDU)
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Normally, if fragmentation is used within a BSS, MAC overhead will go ___ and networks throughput will go ___.
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Up, Down
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How many address fields are defined in an 802.11 frame?
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4
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What do management frames carry?
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Information fields and information elements
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In an oisey enviroment, if fragmentation is used within a BSS, MAC overhead will go ___, and network throughput could go ___.
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Up, Up
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What types of frames are used to join and leave 802.11 networks?
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Management frames
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Do all data frames carry a MSDU payload?
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No, some sata frames such as null function frame do not carry data.
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What is passive scanning?
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When a client listens for the beacon frames for the purpose of the BSS
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What is active scanning?
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When a client sends a probe request and listens for the probe response for the parameters of the BSS.
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Required data rates are also known as what?
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Basic rates
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What does WEP stand for?
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Wired Equivalent Privacy
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What are the required HR-DSSS data rates defined by the 802.22-2007 standard?
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11 Mbps, 5.5 Mbps, 2 Mbps, 1 Mbps
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What are the data rates for DSSS as defined by the 802.11-2007 standard?
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1 Mbps, 2 Mbps
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What are the data rates for FHSS as defined by the 802.11-2007 standard?
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1 Mbps, 2 Mbps
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What are the data rates for OFDM as defined by the 802.11-2007 standard?
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6 Mbps, 12 Mbps, 24 Mbps
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What are the REQUIRED data rates for OFDM as defined by the 802.11-2007 standard?
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6 Mbps, 12 Mbps, 24 Mbps
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What are the SUPPORTED OFDM data rates as defined by the 802.11-2005 standard?
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6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 Mbps
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What are the REQUIRED ERP-OFDM data rates as defined by the 802.11-2007 standard?
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6, 12, 14 Mbps
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What are the SUPPORTED ERP-OFDM data rates as defined by the 802.11-2007?
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6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 Mbps
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The original 802.11 standard specified what type of radio devices?
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Clause 14 FHSS devices and clause 15 DSSS devices
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The 802.11b amendment specified what type of radio devices?
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Clause 18 HR-DSSS devices
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The 802-11a amandment specified what type of radio devices?
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Clause 17 OFDM devices
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the 802.11g amendment specified what type of radio devices?
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Clause 19 devices, ERP devices
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What allows DSSS and OFDM technologies to coexist in the 2.4 GHz ISM?
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Protection Mechanism
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The original 802.11 standard defined what PHYs?
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FHSS, DSSS and infrared
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The 802.11b amendment MANDATED which PHY?
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HR-DSSS
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The 802.11a amendment MANDATED which PHY?
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OFDM
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HT clause 18 radios transmit in what frequency bands?
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5GHz UNII bands and the 2.4 GHz ISM bands
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Legacy FHSS clause 14 and legacy DSSS clause 15 radios transmit in what frequency band?
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2.4 GHz ISM band
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HR-DSSS clause 18 radios transmit in what frequency band?
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2.4 GHz ISM Band
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ERP clause 19 radios transmit in what frequency band?
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2.4 GHz ISM Band
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OFDM clause 17 radios transmit in what frequency bands?
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5 GHz UNII bands
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Are 802.11b radios backward compatible with 802.11 radios?
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802.11b HR-DSSS radios are backward compatible with 801.11 DSSS radios, but not 802.11 FHSS radios or 802.11 infrared devices.
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Give 2 reasons why 802.11a radios are not backward compatible with 802.11b radios.
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802.11 a and 802.11b radios operate in different frequency spaces and use different RF technologies. 802.11a radios transmit in the 5 GHz UNII bands. 802.11b radios tranmit in the 2.4 GHz band. 802.11a use OFDM technology, while 802.b radios use HR-dsss technology.
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Will 802.11a radios interfere with 802.11b/g radios?
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802.11a and 802.11b/g radios transmit in different frequency ranges and will not interfere with each other. 802.11a readios transmit in the 5 GHz UNii bands. 802.11b/g radios transmit in the 2.4 GHz band.
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What are the operational modes of an 802.11g (ERP) access point?
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B-only
G-only B/G mixed mode |
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The 802.11g amendment defined which PHYs as optional?
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ERP-PBCC and DSSS-OFDM
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What is the frequency space of the 2.4 Ghz ISM band?
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2.4 - 2.4835 GHz
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What is the frequency space of the 900 MHz ISM band?
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902 - 928 MHz
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What is the frequency space of the 5 GHz ISM Band
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5.725 - 5.875 GHz
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What is the frequency space of the UNII-1 band?
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5.15 - 5.25 GHz
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What is the frequency space of the UNII-2 Band?
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5.25 - 5.35 GHz
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What is the frequency space of the UNII-3 band?
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65.725 - 5.825 GHz
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What is the frequency space of the UNII-2E band?
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5.47 - 5.725 GHz
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The 802.11b amendment defined which PHY as optional?
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PBCC
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The 802.11h amendment defined what 2 mechanisms?
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Transmit Power Control (TPC)
Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) |
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Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) is designed for what purpose?
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To avoid interfering with radar transmissions in the 5 GHz UNII bands.
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The 802.11i amendment mandated which type of encryption?
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Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol- (CCMP)
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What type of encryption is optional unfder the 802.11i amandment?
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Temporal Key Integrity Protocol - (TKIP)
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The 802.11e amendment defined what type of mechanisms at layer 2?
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Quality of Service (QOS)
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What is the main function that was defined by the 802.11e amendment?
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Hybrid Coordination Function (HCF)
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What is the QOS certification of the Wi-Fi Alliance?
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Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM)
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Which 802.11 draft defines the use of MIMO antenna technology?
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802.11n
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Which 802.11 amendment is know as the fast secure roaming amendment?
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802.11r
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Which 802.11 draft defines the use of wirless mesh networking?
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802.11s
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Which 802.11 draft is known as the protected management frame amendment?
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802.11w
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Which organization creates standards for networking communications?
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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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Which organization is responsible for interoperability testing of 802.11 equipment?
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Wi-Fi Alliance
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What properties of an RF signal can be used for modulation
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Amplitude, frequency, and phase
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RF travels at what speed?
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The speed of light
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The distance between the beginning and the end of a single cycle of an RF signal is known as what RF characteristics?
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Wavelength
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Which RF property defines the number of times a signal oscillates in 1 second?
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Frequecy
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What is the standard measurement of frequency?
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Hertz (Hz)
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What term describes the signal strength of an RF signal?
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Amplitude
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What term describes the loss of RF signal strength?
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Attenuation
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What term describes the relationship between two or more signals that share the same frequency?
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Phase
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What term best describes movement of radio waves away from a transmitting antenna?
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Propagation
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Which propagation behavior causes attenuation as the RF signal passes through a medium?
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Absorption
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Which propagation behavior is occurring when an RF signal bounces off a medium into another direction?
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Reflection
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Which propagation behavior is accurring when an RF signal bends in another direction as it passes through a physical medium?
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Refraction
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Which propagation behavior is occurring ewhen an RF signal bounces off a medium into multiple directions?
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Scattering
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When an RF signal encounters smog, which type of RF propagation behavior can occur?
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Scattering
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When an RF signal encounters a chain-link fence, which type of RF propagation behavior can occur?
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Scattering
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When an RF signal encounters a large body of water at a sharp angle, which type of RF propagation behavior can occur?
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Reflection
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When an RF signal encounters metal, which type of RF propagation behavior can occur?
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Reflection
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When an RF signal passes through changes in temperature, air pressure, or water vapor, which type of RF propagation behavior can occur?
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Refraction
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What term describes the loss of signal strenght caused by the natural broadening of RF waves over distance?
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Free Space Path Loss
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What term describes background noise in an RF enviornment?
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Noise Floor
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What is the propagation phenomenon that results in 2 or more paths of the same signal arriving at receiving antenna at the same time or within nonseconds of each other?
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Multipath
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Intersymbol interference is a result of ____.
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Multipath
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