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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
ages 40 to 65
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Middle Adulthood
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the term for when the lens loses its capacity to adjust to objects at varying distances entirely, around age 60.
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Presbyopia or "Old Eyes"
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a disease in which poor fluid drainage leads to a buildup of pressure within the eye, damaging the optic nerve; leading cause of blindness among older adults
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Glaucoma
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age-related hearing impairments that involve a sharp loss at high frequencies around age 50, which gradually extends to all frequencies
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Presbycusis
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the epidermis becomes less firmly attached to the dermis, fibers in the dermis thin, and fat in the hypodermis diminishes, leading the skin to....
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wrinkle & loosen
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a severe version of age-related bone loss. Porous bones are easily fractured and when very mature, lead to a slumped-over posture, a shuffling gait, and a "dowager's hump" in the upper back.
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osteoporosis
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the end of menstruation and, therefore, reproductive capacity in women; occurs, on average, in the early fifties among North American, European, and East Asian women, although the age range is large-- from the late thirties to the late fifties.
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menopause
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low daily doses of estrogen, aimed at reducing the discomforts of menopause & protecting women from other impairments due to estrogen loss, such as bone deterioration.
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hormone therapy
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type of hormone therapy involving estrogen alone, for women who have had hysterectomies
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Estrogen Replacement Therapy (ERT)
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type of hormone therapy involving estrogen & progesterone for other women
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Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
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true or false: men are more likely to suffer from fatal illnesses, women from nonfatal, limiting health problems
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true
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leading cause of death in middle age
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cancer & cardiovascular disease
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true or false: cancer death rates increase sharply as SES decreases
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true
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percentage of people with cancer who are cured
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40%
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# 1 cancer among women
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Breast
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#1 cancer among men
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Prostate
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#2 cancer for both sexes
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Lung
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% of middle ages Americans & Canadians who die as a result of cardiovascular disease
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25%
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cardiovascular disease in which heavy deposits of plaque containing cholesterol and fats collect on the walls of the main arteries
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atherosclerosis
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indigestion like pain or crushing chest pain, due to an oxygen deprived heart
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angina pectoris
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a behavior pattern consisting of extreme competitiveness, ambition, impatience, hostility, angry outbursts, and a sense of time pressure
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Type A
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frequent angry outbursts; rude, disagreeable behavior; critical and condescending nonverbal cues during social interaction, including glares; expressions of contempt and disgust; and a hard, insistent voice; linked to cardiovascular issues
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expressed hostility
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coping method in which the problem/ situation is appraised as changeable, and the difficulty is identified
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problem-centered coping
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coping method which is internal, private and aimed at controlling distress
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emotion- centered coping
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a set of three personal qualities-control, commitment, and challenge- that help people cope with stress adaptively; thereby reducing its impact on illness and mortality
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hardiness
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intellectual skills that depend on accumulated knowledge and experience, good judgement, and master of social conventions- abilities acquired because they are valued by the individual's culture
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crystallized intelligence
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intellectual skills that largely depend on basic information-processing skills--ability to detect relationships among visual stimuli, speed of analyzing information, and capacity of working memory; largely influenced by conditions in the brain and by learning unique to the individual
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fluid intelligence
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a view that attributes age-related slowing of cognitive processing to breaks in neural networks as neurons die; the brain forms bypasses- new synaptic connections that go around the breaks but are less efficient
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neural network view
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a view that attributes age-related slowing of cognitive processing to greater loss of information as it moves through the system; as a result, the whole system must slow down to inspect and interpret the information
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information-loss view
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true or false: aging has a great impact on metacognition
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false (it has little impact)
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problem solving that requires people to size up real-world situations and analyze how best to achieve goals that have a high degree of uncertainty
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practical problem solving
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% of adult learners that are women
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60%
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midlife transition in which fertility declines; brings an end to reproductive capacity in women and diminished fertility in men
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climacteric
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