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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Spontaneous deamination |
loss of amine group that can occur spontaneously, induced by nitrous acid |
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Spontaneous depurination |
loss of base in DNA by hydrolysis or induced by DNA glycosylase. The glycosidic bonds break leaving an AP site |
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Induced pyrimidine dimers |
UV light causes formation of dimers between adjacent pyrimidines in DNA forming a cyclobutane ring |
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Induced alkylation |
addition of methyl or ethyl groups to DNA bases, leads to mispairring and formation of AP sites |
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other types of damage |
radicals cause oxidative damage, carinognes created adducts with DNA |
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repair of alkylation |
alkylated guanine repaired by methylguanine methyltransferase |
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Repair of cyclobutane ring |
photoreactivation: energy from visible light used to break the ring |
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Base excision repair |
DNA glycosylase recognised U and removes leaving AP, AP endonuclease cleaves, deoxyribosephosphodiesterase removes sugar, DNA repair by DNA polymerase and released by ligase |
