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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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nitroglycerin
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organonitrates
sublingual NO --> increase cGMP --> vascular smooth muscle relaxation |
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isosorbide dinitrate
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organonitrates
sublingual NO --> increase cGMP --> vascular smooth muscle relaxation |
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amyl nitrate
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organonitrates
inhaled NO --> increase cGMP --> vascular smooth muscle relaxation |
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verapamil
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non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
negative inotrope negative chronotrope vasodilator |
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nifedipine
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dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
vasodilator only |
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diltiazem
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non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
negative inotrope negative chronotrope vasodilator |
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propranolol
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beta-blocker
decrease heart rate and contractility |
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hydralazine
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arterial vasodilator
open K+ channel in vascular smooth muscle |
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minoxidil
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arterial vasodilator
open K+ channel in vascular smooth muscle aka Rogaine |
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diazoxide
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arterial vasodilator
anti-anginal |
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nitroprusside
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arterial and venous vasodilator
anti-anginal |
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digoxin
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positive inotropic agent
cardiac glycoside inhibit Na+/K+ ATPase increase Ca in cell interactions with quinidine, hypokalemia, renal failure |
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dobutamine
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positive inotropic agent
sympathomimetics beta agonist inotropic > chronotropic IV only |
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dopamine
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positive inotropic agent
sympathomimetics CHF |
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amrinone
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positive inotropic agent
PDE (phosphodiesterase) inhibitors increase cAMP cardiac = PDE III hepatoxic acute IV |
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milrinone
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positive inotropic agent
PDE (phosphodiesterase) inhibitors increase cAMP cardiac = PDE III |
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captopril
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ACE inhibitor
decrease Ang2 increase bradykinin active drug |
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Lisinopril
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ACE inhibitor
decrease Ang2 increase bradykinin prodrug |
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Enalapril
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ACE inhibitor
decrease Ang2 increase bradykinin active drug water-soluble longer half-life |
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aspirin
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anti-platelet agent
irreversible inhibitor of COX-1 |
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tPA
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tissue plasminogen activator
fibrinolytic agent clot-selective activate plasminogen |
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Propranolol
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beta-blocker
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losartan
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ARB (angiotensin receptor blocker)
receptor: AT2 avoid bradykinin buildup |
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valsartan
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ARB (angiotensin receptor blocker)
receptor: AT2 avoid bradykinin buildup |
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heparin
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anti-thrombotic
major: binds anti-thrombin III (AT III) minor: inhibit clotting factor Xa |
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enoxaparin
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anti-thrombotic
LMWH (low-molecular weight heparin) major: inhibit clotting factor Xa minor: bind antithrombin III |
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leprudin
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direct thrombin inhibitor
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bevalirudin
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direct thrombin inhibitor
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warfarin / coumarin
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oral anti-coagulant
vit K analog --> epoxide reductase inhibitor teratogenic |
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streptokinase
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fibrinolytic agent
convert plasminogen to plasmin |
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anistreplase
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fibrinolytic agent
acetylated plasminogen + streptokinase |
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ticlopine
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anti-platelet agent
inhibit ADP-mediated platelet aggregation |
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clopidogrel
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anti-platelet agent
inhibit ADP-mediated platelet aggregation |
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abcximab
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anti-platelet agent
blocks platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors |
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integrelin
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anti-platelet agent
blocks platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors |
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hydrochlorthiazide
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thiazide diuretic
decrease Na / Cl absorption distal convoluted tubule |
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furosemide
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loop diuretic
inhibit Na/K/Cl transporter loop of henle |
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spironolactone
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K-sparing diuretic
aldosterone antagonist collecting duct |
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amiloride
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K-sparing diuretic
inhibit Na absorption collecting duct |
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triamterine
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K-sparing diuretic
inhibit Na absorption collecting duct |
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prazosin
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alpha-blocker
inhibit alpha-1 receptor on arterioles --> relaxation |
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clonidine
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central adrenergic inhibitors
decrease NE release central alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist |
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methydopa
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central adrenergic inhibitors
decrease NE release replaces NE in storage vesicles, alpha-2 agonist |
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reserpine
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central adrenergic inhibitors
decrease NE release inhibit NE uptake --> reduce transmitter content --> reduce peripheral adrenergic output |
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quinidine
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class IA anti-arrhythmic
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procainamide
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class IA anti-arrhythmic
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disopyramide
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class IA anti-arrhythmic
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lidocaine
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class IB anti-arrhythmic
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mexiletine
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class IB anti-arrhythmic
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tocainide
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class IB anti-arrhythmic
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phenytoin
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class IB anti-arrhythmic
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flecanide
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class IC anti-arrhythmic
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propafenone
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class IC anti-arrhythmic
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moricizine
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class IC anti-arrhythmic
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amiodarone
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class III anti-arrhythmic
also class I, II, IV properties FDA black box toxicities with liver, thyroid, pulmonary fibrosis, corneal deposits, photodermatitis |
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bretylium
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class III anti-arrhythmic
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sotalol
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class III anti-arrhythmic
also beta blocker |
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ibutilide
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class III anti-arrhythmic
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adenosine
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anti-arrhythmic
short half life (10 secs) terminate re-entry into AV node atagonist = methylxanthine = caffine |
