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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
apogee
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point in which the orbit of a planet at which the planet is farthest from the sun
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calendar
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system used to measure the passage of time.
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crater
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bowl-shaped depression on the surface of a planetary body.
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day
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time required for the earth to make one rotation on it's axis, about 24 hours.
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earthshine
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sunlight reflected off the surface of the earth.
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eclipse
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passing of one planetary body through the shadow of another.
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full moon
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phase of the moon in which the entire half of the moon facing the earth is visible.
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Galilean moon
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any one of the four largest satellites of Jupiter, which were first seen by Galileo.
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Gregorian calendar
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revision of the Julian calendar by Pop Gregory XIII; currently used in most of the world.
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leap year
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year with an extra day in it, occuring every four years.
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lunar eclipse
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passing of the earth between the moon and the sun during which the earth's shadow crosses the lighted half of the moon.
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maria
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dark areas of smooth, dry,solidified lava on the moon that reflect little light.
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month
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time required for the moon to go through one set of phases as it orbits the earth, about 29.5 days.
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new moon
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phase of the moon during which the side of the moon facing the earth is unlighted.
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penumbra
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outer part of the shadow cast by the earth or the moon in which sunlight is only partially blocked.
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Julian calendar
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calendar designed by Julius Caesar's astronomers consisting of 12 months; 11 with 30 or 31 days, one with 28 days, and an extra day added every four years.
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perigee
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point in the orbit of a satellite at which it is closest to the earth.
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phase
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varying shape of the visible portion of the moon.
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ray
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streak of displaced rock material radiating from a crater.
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rille
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long, deep channel that runs through the maria on the moon.
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solar eclipse
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passing of the moon between the earth and the sun during which the shadow of the moon falls on the earth.
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solar year
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time required for the earth to mkae one orbit around the sun, about 365.24 days.
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umbra
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inner, cone-shaped part of the shadow cast by the earth or the moon in which sunlight is completely blocked.
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waning
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describing the phase of the moon during which the size of its visible portion is decreasing.
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waxing
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describing the phase of the moon during which the size of its visible portion is increasing.
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