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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are located-
a. near continents b. at mid-ocean ridges c. far from mid-ocean ridges d. near Asia |
b. at mid-ocean ridges
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The crust and upper mantle make up Earth's-
a. lithosphere b. asthenosphere c. core d. continents |
a. lithosphere
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Scientists have observed that the plates move at rates ranging from 2cm to 12cm per-
a. century b. decade c. day d. year |
d. year
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Plates of the lithosphere float on the-
a. crust b. asthenosphere c. core d. atmosphere |
b. asthenosphere
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The result of plate movement can be seen at-
a. abyssal plains b. ocean margins c. plate centers d. plate boundries |
d. plate boundries
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The ___ are mountains formed by the collision of the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate.
a. Alps b. Rockies c. Himalaya d. Appalachians |
c. Himalaya
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The presence of the same ___ on several continents supports the hypothesis of continental drift.
a. fossils b. rocks c. neither a nor b d. both a and b |
d. both a and b
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The hypothesis that continents have slowly moved o their current locations is called-
a. continental drift b. continental slope c. magnetic reversal d. convection |
a. continental drift
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Plates move apart at ___ boundaries.
a. convergent b. stable c. divergent d. transform |
c. divergent
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The alignment of iron minerals in rocks when they are formed reflects the fact that Earth's ___ has reversed itself several times in the past.
a. magnetic field b. core c. asthenosphere d. gravity |
a. magnetic field
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A lack of explanation for continental drift prevented many scientists from accepting that a single supercontinent called ___ once existed
a. Glomar b. Glossopteris c. Pangaea d. Wegener |
c. Pangaea
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The Glomar Challenger provided support for the theory of plate tectonics by providing ___.
a. high-altitude photos of existing continents b. samples of plant life from mid-ocean ridges c. samples of older rock found far from mid-ocean ridges d. direct measurements of the movement of continents |
c. samples of older rock found far from mid-ocean ridges
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Plates slide past one another at ___.
a. subduction zones b. transform boundaries c. convection currents d. divergent boundaries |
b. transform boundaries
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The boundary between two plates moving together is called a ___.
a. divergent boundary b. convergent boundary c. transform boundary d. lithosphere |
b. convergent boundary
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Seafloor spreading occurs because ___.
a. new material is being added to the asthenosphere b. earthquakes break apart the ocean floor c. sediments accumulate at the area of spreading d. molten material beneath Earth's crust rises to the surface |
d. molten material beneath Earth's crust rises to the surface
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While studying the ocean floor, scientists found ___ bands of magnetism.
a. plastic b. alternating c. no d. rectangular |
b. alternating
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Continental drift states that continents have moved ___ to their current location.
a. vertically b. slowly c. quickly d. very little |
b. slowly
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Wegener believed that the continents originally broke apart about ___ years ago.
a. 200 million b. 300 million c. 400 million d. 500 million |
a. 200 million
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A fossil plant that helps support the theory of continental drift is ___.
a. Mesosaurus b. Glossopteris c. Glomar d. Pangaea |
b. Glossopteris
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Matching ___ on different continents are evidence for continental drift.
a. river systems b. rock structures c. weather patterns d. wind systems |
b. rock structures
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Bands of rock on the seafloor showing alternating magnetic orientation indicate Earth's magnetic field has ___.
a. reversed itself in the past b. weakened c. became stronger d. remained the same |
a. reversed itself in the past
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A ___ is a sensitive device used to detect magnetic fields on the seafloor.
a. seismometer b. geologists's compass c. Glomar d. magnetometer |
d. magnetometer
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___ currents inside Earth might drive plate motion.
a. Vertical b. Convection c. Horizontal d. none of the above |
b. Convection
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Scientists believe that differences in ___ cause hot, plasticlike rock in the asthenosphere to rise toward Earth's surface.
a. density b. magnetism c. weight d. composition |
a. density
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In order to complete a convection current, the rising material must eventually ___ Earth.
a. stop inside b. cool c. sink back into d. warm |
c. sink back into
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The Great Rift Valley in Africa is a ___.
a. mid-ocean ridge b. divergent boundary c. convergent boundary d. transform boundary |
b. divergent boundary
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The Andes mountain range of South America was formed at a ___.
a. convergent boundary b. divergent boundary c. hot spot d. transform boundary |
a. convergent boundary
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Active volcanoes are most likely to form at ___.
a. transform boundaries b. divergent boundaries c. the cent of continents d. convergent ocean-continental boundaries |
d. convergent ocean-continental boundaries
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___ are formed when two continental plates collide.
a. Volcanoes b. Strike-slip faults c. Mountain ranges d. Rift Valleys |
c. Mountain ranges
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The ___ is/are an example of a transform boundary.
a. Appalachian Mountains b. Himalaya c. Mid-Atlantic Ridge d. San Andreas Fault |
d. San Andreas Fault
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A ___ forms where two oceanic plates collide.
a. hot spot b. subduction zone c. transform boundary d. rift valley |
b. subduction zone
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According to Figure 14-1, what type of plate boundary occurs between the North American Plate and the Eurasian Plate?
a. transform boundary b. divergent boundary c. convergent oceanic-continental plate boundary d. convergent oceanic-oceanic plate boundary |
b. divergent boundary
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What type of plate boundary occurs between the Nazca Plate and the South American Plate?
a. convergent oceanic-continental plate boundary b. convergent oceanic-oceanic plate boundary c. convergent continental-continental plate boundary d. transform boundary |
a. convergent oceanic-continental plate boundary
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After the 1995 eruption of Soufriere Hills volcano, more than half of Montserrat was converted to ___ and many inhabitants evacuated.
a. farmland b. wasteland c. seismograph centers d. none of these |
b. wasteland
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Earthquake waves are called ___.
a. seismic waves b. convergent waves c. divergent waves d. wave amplitudes |
a. seismic waves
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Strike-slip faults are caused by ___ forces.
a. compression b. shear c. right angle d. tension |
b. shear
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Tsunamis are caused by ___.
a. hot spots b. pyroclastic flows c. earthquake motion on the ocean floor d. fissure eruptions |
c. earthquake motion on the ocean floor
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Which statement is true of P-waves?
a. They travel the fastest through rocks b. They vibrate at 90* to the wave motion c. They are last to reach the epicenter d. They are the most damaging |
a. They travel the fastest through rocks
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The modified MErcalli scale measures the ___ of an earthquake.
a. magnitude b. energy c. amplitude d. intensity |
d. intensity
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The Richter scale is based on measurements of the ___ of a seismic wave.
a. speed b. frequency c. intensity d. amplitude |
d. amplitude
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When a volcano erupts the molten material that flows onto Earth's surface is called ___.
a. magma b. fissures c. rifts d. lava |
d. lava
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Molten rock beneath Earth's surface is called ___.
a. magma b. tephra c. lava d. pyroclasts |
a. magma
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Thinner, easy-flowing lavas are rich in ___.
a. silica b. water vapor c. volcanic ash d. iron and magnesium |
d. iron and magnesium
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Sticky, thicker lavas ___.
a. form flood basalts b. are rich in silica c. are rich in iron and magnesium d. flow very easily |
b. are rich in silica
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A composite volcano ___.
a. sometimes erupts violently b. is steep-sided c. is composed of alternating layers of lava and tephra d. all of the above |
d. all of the above
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A shield volcano ___.
a. has a steep-sloping cone made up of rocks and lava b. erupts with thin basaltic lava c. throws rocks and cinders into the air d. all of the above |
b. erupts with thin basaltic lava
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At a transform plate boundary, ___.
a. plates grind past each other b. plates diverge c. plates converge d. hot spots form |
a. plates grind past each other
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At a divergent plate boundary, ___.
a. one plate slides under another plate b. the edge of one plate melts and becomes magma c. plates grind past each other d. plates move apart |
d. plates move apart
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The later on which the tectonic plates move is the ___.
a. lithosphere b. asthenosphere c. core d. crust |
b. asthenosphere
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Water particles in waves move ___.
a. toward shore b. in a circle c. sideways d. backward |
b. in a circle
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When a wave approaches shallow water, the ___ increases.
a. wave height b. wavelength c. circular motion d. all of the above |
b. wavelength
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When the Moon, Earth and Sun are in line, the tidal range is ___.
a. unchanged b. unpredictable c. lowest d. greatest |
d. greatest
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Giant waves produced by gravity are called ___.
a. upwellings b. tidal waves c. currents d. tides |
d. tides
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When the Sun, Moon and Earth form a 90* angle, we have ___ tides.
a. spring b. neap c. normal d. fall |
b. neap
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Wavelength is the horizontal distance between adjacent wave ___.
a. particles b. breakers c. crests d. tides |
c. crests
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Surface currents are caused by ___.
a. upwelling b. cold water c. warm water d. winds |
d. winds
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