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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
calorie |
amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of sea water 1 degree Celsius |
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latent heat |
energy absorbed or released during a change in state |
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evaporation |
liquid to gas |
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condensation |
gas to liquid |
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sublimation |
solid to gas without ever being a liquid |
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deposition |
gas to solid without ever being a liquid |
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vapor pressure |
part of the atmospheric pressure attributes to water vapor |
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saturation |
max. quantity of water vapor that the air can hold |
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relative humidity |
ratio of the air's water vapor content to its max capacity |
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dew point |
temperature to which a particular parcel of air has to be cooled to reach saturation |
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adiabatic temperature changes |
cooling or warming of air caused when air is allowed ti expand or is compressed |
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wet adiabatic rate |
rate of adiabatic cooling or warming in saturated air (5-9 C/ 1 km altitude) |
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dry adiabatic rate |
rate of adiabatic cooing or warming in unsaturated air (1 C/ 1km) |
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orographic lifting |
air is forced to rise over the mountains |
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frontal wedging |
warmer, less dense air is forced to rise over cooler, more sense air |
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convergence |
pileup of horizontal airflow forces air upward |
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localized convective lifting |
unequal heating of ground warms air, making it less dense, an forces it to rise bc of its increased buoyancy |
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rain shadow dessert |
dry area on the lee side of a mountain range |
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front |
boundary between 2 air masses having different characteristics |
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stable air |
air that resists vertical displacement |
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unstable air |
air that does not resist veinal displacement |
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absolute stability |
air with a lapse rate less than the wet adiabatic rate |
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conditional stability |
moist air with a lapse rate between the dry and wet adiabatic rate |
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clouds |
dense concentration of suspended droplets and ice crystals |
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stratus |
sheet or layer like clouds |
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cumulus |
cloud masses that often have flat bases |
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aerosols |
solid and liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere |
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condensation nuclei |
tiny bits of particulate matter that serves as surfaces on which water vapor condenses |
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collision- coalescence process |
large cloud droplets collide and join together to for a raindrop |
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Bergeron Process |
supercooled water freezes on contact with freezing nuclei to from ice crystals on which water vapor deposits to from snow crystals |
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rain |
drops of water that fall from clouds, at least at a diameter of .5 mm |
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snow |
solid form of precipitation |
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sleet |
frozen or semi frozen rani formed when raindrops freeze as they pass through a layer of cold air |
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glaze |
a coating of ice on objects formed when supercooled rain freezes on contact |
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hail |
nearly spherical ice pellets having concentric layers formed by the successive freezing of layers of water |
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rime |
thin coating of ice on objects produced when supercooled fog droplets freeze on contact |