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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
underground layer of permeable rock from which groundwater can be removed
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aquifer
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not allowing a liquid to pass through
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impermeable
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allowing a liquid to pass through
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permeable
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amount of air space between soil, or rock particles
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porosity
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top of the saturated zone in water
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water table
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groundwater fills the spaces between _____ and _____
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soil particles, cracks in rocks
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groundwater accounts for ___% of earth's freshwater
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30%
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the saturated zone is _________ filled with _______
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completely, water
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the unsaturated zone ______ _____ _____ of the water table
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sits on top
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porosity is determined by:
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particle shape, size, and arrangement
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aquifers can be three types:
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confined, unconfined, or perched
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groundwater is recharged by ___________
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precipitation
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over time, groundwater ________ into Earth's surface water
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discharges
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ways to locate groundwater
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locate rocks, vegetation, and landforms
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A confined aquifer is _____.
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found between two impermeable layers
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very permeable substance
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gravel
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what is least porous?
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unsorted sand and rock
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Macy is looking for groundwater. She will most likely find it _____.
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in an area with limestone deposits
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The water table _____.
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rises and falls with precipitation
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a small creek or stream that feeds a larger river or lake
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tributary
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area of land where all the draining water goes into the same river system
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watershed
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___% of earths surface water is in lakes. ___% is in rivers and streams
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87%, 2%
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only ____% of earths freshwater is in lakes, ____% of earths freshwater is in rivers and streams
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.25%, .0006%
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lakes form when water fills _________ in earth's surface
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depression
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lakes without _______ contain saltwater
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outlets
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lakes are recharged by _______, _________, ________, __________, and ____________
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precipitation, melting snow and ice, rivers, streams, groundwater seepage
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water is discharged by _________, ______, _______, and __________
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exaporation, rivers, streams, and the ground
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river systems are made of a ________, _______, and _______
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rivers source, tributaries, and the mouth
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rivers transport ______, _______, and ________
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people, goods, and soil
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rivers transform land through ________
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erosion
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the beginning of a river is called the _______
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source
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The Dead Sea contains saltwater. Most of its water leaves through _____.
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evaporation
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rivers flow _____ because of ______
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downhill, gravity
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Most lakes were formed from _____.
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melting glaciers
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area where all water drains into the same system
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watershed
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more of earths freshwater is found _______ than in _______
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underground, lakes
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intermediate stage between snow and ice
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firn
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large, dome-shaped mass of ice
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ice cap
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large area of rock and sediment left by a glacier
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moraine
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____% of earth's freshwater is found in glaciers and ice caps
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70%
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glacial landforms include _____, _______, and _________
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horns, moraines, and glacial valleys
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most glaciers take ________ years to form. They form usually near the _______.
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100s of, poles
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the arctic ice cap ______ on top of the _________
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floats, arctic ocean
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the antarctic ice cap ______ most of _______
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covers, Antarctica
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ice caps and glaciers appear to be ______
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melting
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Retreating ice _____.
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causes sea level to rise and causes freshwater to be contaminated
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Kettle lakes form when _____.
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ice chunks break off a glacier, and then melt
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the sides of a glacier move _______ than the middle
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more slowly
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older glaciers have _____ ice crystals than the younger ones
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longer
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how do glaciers move?
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gravity pulls them downhill, melted ice allows glaciers to slide forward
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glaciers form when ______ stays in the same place for a long time
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snow
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