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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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zone of mantle beneath the lithosphere that consists of slowly flowing solid rock
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asthenosphere
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material that makes up landmasses
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continental crust
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hypothesis stating that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations
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continental drift
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transfer of heat through the movement of heated material ( hot rises cold sinks)
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convection
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movement in a fluid caused by uneven heating
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convection current
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border formed by the collision of two lithosheric plates
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convergent boundary
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boundary formed by two lithospheric plates that are moving apart
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divergent boundary
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chain of volcanic islands formed along an ocean trench
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island arc
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thin outer shell of the Earth consisting of the crust and the rigid upper mantle
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lithosphere
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undersea mountain range with a steep, narrow valley along its center
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge
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system of undersea mountain ranges that wind around the Earth
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mid-ocean ridges
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deep valley in the ocean floor that forms along a subduction zone
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ocean trench
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material that makes up the ocean floor
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oceanic crust
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single landmass thought to have been the origin of all continents
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Pangaea
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giant ocean surrounding Pangaea
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Panthalassa
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theory that the lithosphere is made up of plates that float on the asthenosphere and that the plates possibly are moved by convection currents
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plate tectonics
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steep, narrow valley formed as lithospheric plates separate
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rift valley
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movement of the ocean floor away from either side of a mid-ocean ridge
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seafloor spreading
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region where one lithospheric plate moves under another
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subduction zone
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peice of land with a 1. different geologic history 2. different paleomagnetic orientations from that of the surrounding land (each boundaried by fault systems)
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terrane
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theory that continents are a patchwork of pieces of land that have individual geologic histories
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theory of microplate terranes
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boundary formed where two lithospheric plates slide pastr each other
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transform boundary
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