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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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whata re the dermatologic signs of anaphylaxis
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urticaria, erythema, pruritus, angioedema
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what ar e the respiratory signs of anaphylaxis?
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nasal congestion, sneezing, coryza, cough, tachypnea, hoarseness, and a sensation of throat tightness
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what are the cardiovascular sign so fanaphylaxis?
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tachycardia, hypotension
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what are some drugs that can cause anaphylaxis?
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penicillin, cephalos, asa, nsaids
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what is the differential for anaphylaxis
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angioedema, urticaria
asthma, epiglottitis psych- anxiety |
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what is diagnostic of anaphylaxis?
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total tryptase 1-4 hrs.
histamine < 1 hr |
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what is the Rx for anaphylaxis?
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epi
albuterol Diphenhydramine (for cutaneous effects Cimetidine |
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what is stable angina
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chest pain that has an established character, timing, and duration.
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what is unstable angina
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angina that deviates from the normal pattern. Rest angina. increase in frequency, severity or duration
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what is prinzmetals
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stable angina, but caused by vasospasm.
nitrates and ca blockers |
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what are the anterior leads?
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V1-V4
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what are the inferior leads
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II, III, aVF
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what is the time course for CKMB?
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increases after Troponins, drops by day 3
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what are the causes of afib?
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PIRATES
Pulmonary- COPD, PE Ischemia Rheumatic Anemia, Myxoma Thyroid Ethanol Sepsis |
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What is the antidote for acetaminophen
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n-acetylcysteine (mucomyst)
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What is the antidote for anticholinesterases?
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atropine
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What is the antidote for anticholinergic, antimuscarinic?
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physostigmine
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What is the antidote for black widow?
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Ca Gluconate
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What is the antidote for iron salts?
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deferoxamine
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What is the antidote for methanol, ethylene glycol
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Etoh, fomepizole, dialysis
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What is the antidote for lead
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succimer, daedta, dimercaprol
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What is the antidote for arsenic, mercury, gold
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succimer, dimercaprol
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What is the antidote for copper, arsenic, lead gold?
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Penicillamine
GLAC gold, lead, arsenic, copper |
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What is the antidote for cyanide
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Nitrate, sodium thiosulfate
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What is the antidote for salycilates
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urine alk, dialysis, activated charcoal
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What is the antidote for heparin
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protamine
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What is the antidote for methemoglobin
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methylene blue
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What is the antidote for opioids
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naloxone
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What is the antidote for benzos
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flumazenil
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What is the antidote for TCAs
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sodium bicarb, diazepam, lorazepam
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What is the antidote for warfarinn
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vitamin K, FFP
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What is the antidote for CO
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100% o2
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What is the antidote for dig
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stop dig, normalize K, lidocaine for torsades, antidig
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What is the antidote for b-blockers
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glucagon
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What is the antidote for tpa
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aminoaproic acid
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What is the antidote for PCP
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NG
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What is the antidote for activated theophylline
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activated charcoal
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What is the antidote for acid, alkali ingestion
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endoscopy
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waht are teh withrdawal symps of alcohol?
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tremor, tachy, hypertension, agitation, seizures, hallucinations, DTs
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how do you treat alcohol w/drawal?
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benzos, haloperidol hallucinations, thiamine, folate, multivitamins
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What are the signs of barbiturate w/drawal?
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anxiety, seizure, delirium, tremor, cardiac adn resp depression.
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what is the Rx for barbituate w/drawal?
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benzos
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what is the signs of benzo w/drawal?
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anxiety, tremors, insomnia
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what is the Rx for benzo w/drawal?
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benzos, monitor for dts
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what si the w/drawal symps of cocaine?
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depression, hyperphagia, hypersomnolense.
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what is the Rx for cocaine w/drawal?
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supportive, no b-blockers
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what isthe w/drawal signs of opiods?
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anxiety, insomnia, flu, sweat, piloerection, fever, rhinorrhea, nausea, stomach, cramps, diarrhea, mydriasis
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what si the Rx for opioid w/drawal?
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clonidine or buprenoprhine
methadone naltrexone if drug free. |
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what are the principles of airway in resuscitation?
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o2
jaw thrust clear foreign body insert an oral or nasal airway as necessary |
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what are the toxins that can be dialyzed?
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MUST BE Listed
Methanol Uremia Salicylates Theophylline Barbiturates Ethylene glycol Lithium |
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when should someone be intubated?
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apnea, AMS, impending airway compromise, closed head injuries, failed bag-mask ventilation
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what are the five thoracic injuries that cause immediate death when assessing breathing?
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tension pneumo
cardiac tamponade communicating pneumothorax massive hemothorax airway obstruction |
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what are the Substances that do not bind charcoal?
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PHAILS
Pesticides Hydrocarbons Alcohols/Acids/Alkalis Iron Lithium Solvents |
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what are teh major causes of hypovolemic shock?
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hemorrhage and dehydration, third spacing
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what is distributive shock?
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misdtribution of blood from septic shock, neurogenic, and anaphylactic
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what is cardaic shock
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inability of the heart to adequately pump blood to the body owing to intrinsic or extrinsic factors
Intrisic: cardiogenic shock or CHF Extrinsic: Pericardial effusions-> tamponade, tension pneumo, PE |
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what is the workup for shock?
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volume status, SVR, and CO
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what is teh SVR, skin, and neck veins seen in hypovolemic shock?
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high SVR, cold, clammy skin, flat veins
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What is the SVR, Skin, and neck veins seen in distributive shock?
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low SVR, warm skin, flat to normal neck veins
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how do you work up acute blood loss?
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abdomen, pelvis, thorax. Peritoneal lavage, abdominal ultrasound
NG tube stool guaiac CXR pelvic xray |
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what can cause third spacing?
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burns, trauma, acute pancreatitis, liver disease
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signs of mild volume loss?
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patient is cold, orthostatic hypotension, flat neck veins, pale and cool skin
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signs of moderate volume loss
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patient is thirsty, tachy/hypotensive, oliguric
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signs of severe volume loss
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altered mental status, sever hypotension, tachy and tachypnea
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what is the treatment of hypovolemia
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trendelenburg
02 2L of crystalloid reassess 1-2 additional liters reassess IV pressors and blood products if a peritoneal bleed is identified- emergent exploratory laparotomy. pelvic fracture-> angiography adn embolization. |
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what is the Rx for cardiogenic shock?
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inotropes
vasodilators diuretics |
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what is the pathophys of septic shock?
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toxins from gram + and gram - bacteria as well as systemic inflammatory factors-> vasodilation of the peripheral circ and increased cap perm
-> sifgnificantly decreased svr, massive fluid loss into the tissue |
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what are the signs of early sepsis?
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hyperdynamic: fever, tachy, hypotension in warm and pink patient
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what are the late signs of septic shock
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hypovolemic shock. Leukocytosis w/ left shift and lactic acidosis support the diagnosis
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what is the Rx for shock?
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identivy and treat the source of infectio nw/ iv antibiotics, surgical drainage, central line changes.
IV fluids |
