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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Paracetamol - Description
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Paracetamol is used to reduce pain and body temperature.
Presented in suspension of 120 mg in 5 mL or 6+ is 250 mg in 5 mL or 500 mg tablet. |
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Paracetamol - Indications
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Pryexia
Minor or moderate pain (1-6 on pain scale for adult and paediatric patients). |
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Paracetamol - Contraindications
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COK
* Chronic liver disease; * <1 month old; * KSAR. |
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Paracetamol - Usual dosages
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Adult 1g PO.
Paediatric 20 mg/Kg PO. |
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Paracetamol - Side effects
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Nil.
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Paracetamol - Additional information
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Consult with parent/guardian in relation to medication prior to arrival on scene;
If administered in previous 4 hours adjust the dose downward by the amount already given to a maximum of 20 mg/Kg. |
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Entonox - Description
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Potent analgesic gas contains a mixture of both nitrous oxide and oxygen.
Presented in a blue cylinder with white and blue triangles on shoulders. |
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Entonox - Indications
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Pain relief.
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Entonox - Contraindications
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SCARI DICK
* Shock; * Chest injury/pneumothorax; * ALOC; * Recent scuba dive; * Inhalation injury; * Decompression sickness; * Intestinal obstruction; * Carbon monoxide poisoning; * KSAR. |
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Entonox - Usual dosages
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Both adult and paediatric - Self administered until pain relieved.
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Entonox - Side effects
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The 3 L's
* Lowers your inhibition; * Lowers your level of consciousness; * Light headedness. |
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Entonox - Additional information
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SACI
* Sickle Cell - Caution when using for greater than one hour for Sickle Cell Crisis; * Addictive - It has an addictive property; * Cold temp - In cold temperatures warm cylinder and invert to ensure good mix of gases; * Instructions - Don't use if the patient is unable to understand instructions. |
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Naloxone - Description
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Effective in management and reversal of opiate overdoses.
Presented in ampules of 0.4 mg in 1 mL or pre-loaded syringe. |
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Naloxone - Indications
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Inadequate respirations and/or ALoC following known or suspected narcotic overdose.
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Naloxone - Contraindications
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KSAR.
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Naloxone - Usual dosages
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Adult - 0.8 mg IN. Repeat after 3 min to a max of 2 mg (2 doses only).
Paediatric - 0.02 mg/Kg IN. Repeat prn to maintain opioid reversal to max 0.1 mg/Kg or 2 mg. |
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Naloxone - Side effects
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NAVS
Acute reversal of narcotic effects ranging from: * Nausea; * Vomiting; * Agitation; * Seizures. |
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Naloxone - Additional information
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PAWD
* Pregnancy - Use with caution in pregnancy; * Aggressive - Prepare to deal with aggressive patients; * Withdrawal - Rapid reversal will precipitate acute withdrawal syndrome; * Dependent - Administer with caution to patients who have taken large dose of narcotics or are physically dependent. |
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Ibuprofen - Description
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An anti-inflammatory analgesic (Nurofen).
Presented in Suspension 100 mg in 5 mL; 200 and 400 mg tablet. |
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Ibuprofen - Indications
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Mild to moderate pain.
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Ibuprofen - Contraindications
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KNAPP
* KSAR; * Not suitable for children < 3 months; * Aspirin - Patient with history of asthma exacerbated by Aspirin; * Pregnancy; * Peptic ulcer disease. |
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Ibuprofen - Usual dosages
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Adult - 400 mg PO.
Paediatric - 10 mg/Kg PO. |
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Ibuprofen - Side effects
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Skin rashes.
GI intolerance and bleeding. |
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Ibuprofen - Additional information
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If ibuprofen is administered within the previous 6 hours adjust the dowse downwards by the amount given by the other sources resulting in a maximum of 10 mg/Kg.
Caution with significant burns or poor perfusion due to risk of kidney failure. Caution if concurrent NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) use. |
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Glucagon - Description
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Glucagon is used to increase the blood glucose level in cases of hypoglycaemia in which an IV can't be immediately placed.
Presented in 1 mg vial powder and solution for reconstitution (1 mL). |
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Glucagon - Indications
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Hypoglycaemia in patients unable to take oral glucose or unable to gain IV access and with a blood glucose level of <4 mmol/L.
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Glucagon - Contraindications
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Phaechromocytoma (feea chroma sytoma) (tumor of the adrenal glands);
KSAR. |
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Glucagon - Usual dosages
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Paediatric - <= 8 years 0.5 mg IM.
>8 years 1 mg IM. |
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Glucagon - Side effects
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NHHness
* Nausea and vomiting; * Headache; * Rarely may cause hypotension; * Dizziness. |
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Glucagon - Additional information
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Alcoholics stay cool and dark
* May be in effective in a patients with low stored glycogen (Gly-co-gen) e.g. prior use in previous 24 hours or alcoholic patients with liver disease; * Store in a refrigerator; * Protect from light. |
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Aspirin - Description
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Anti-inflammatory agent and an inhibitor of platelet function.
Presented in a 300 mg dispersible tablet. |
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Aspirin - Indications
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Cardiac chest pain or suspected myocardial infraction (MI).
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Aspirin - Contraindications
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ABBA
* Age <16; * Bleeding disorder (e.g. haemophilia); * (Bleeding) Active symptomatic gastrointestinal (GI) ulcer; * Any KSAR. |
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Aspirin - Usual dosages
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Adult - 300 mg tablet PO.
Paediatric - contraindicated. |
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Aspirin - Side effects
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BEG
* Bronchospasm; * Epigastric pain and discomfort; * Gastrointestinal haemorrhage. |
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Aspirin - Additional information
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Aspirin 300mg is indicated for cardiac chest pain regardless if the Pt has taken anticoagulants or is already on Aspirin;
If the Pt has swallowed an Aspirin (enteric coated) preparation without chewing it, the Pt should be regarded as not taken any and therefore administered 300 mg PO. |
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Glucose Gel - Description
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Synthetic glucose paste.
Presented in a tube or sachet. |
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Glucose Gel - Indications
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Hypoglycaemia, blood glucose <4 mmol/L.
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Glucose Gel - Contraindications
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KSAR.
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Glucose Gel - Usual dosages
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Paediatric - <= 8 years 5 to 10 g buccal. Repeat prn.
> 8 years 10 to 20 g buccal. Repeat prn. |
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Glucose Gel - Side effects
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May cause vomiting in patients under 5 if administered too quickly.
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Glucose Gel - Additional information
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Glucose gel will maintain glucose levels once raised but should be used secondary to dextrose to reverse hypoglycaemia;
Proceed with caution when dealing with patients with compromised airways and patients with an ALOC. |
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Oxygen - Description
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Colourless, tasteless, odourless gas necessary for life.
Presented in D, E, F (1,360 L) cylinders which are black with white shoulders and CD (460 L) cylinders which are white. |
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Oxygen - Indications
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Absent or inadequate ventilations following an acute medical or traumatic event.
SpO2: * <96% Paed; * <94% Adults; * <92% COPD. |
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Oxygen - Contraindications
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Bleomycin lung injury.
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Oxygen - Usual dosages
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Cardiac and respiratory arrest 100%. Life threats identified during primary survey or acute medical and trauma 100% until reliable SpO2 is obtained then titrate to:
* 96% - 98%; * 94% - 98%; * 92%. |
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Oxygen - Side effects
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Prolonged use with chronic CPOD patients may lead to reduction in ventilation stimulus.
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Oxygen - Additional information
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A written record must be made of what O2 therapy is given to each Pt;
Documentation should state whether the Pt is breathing air or a specified dose of supplemental O2; Consider humidifier of O2 for paediatric patient will last more than 30 mins; Caution with paraquat poisoning, then admin O2 if SpO2 is < 92%. |
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Epinephrine 1:1,000 (auto injector) - Description
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Naturally occurring catecholamine (caty cola mean).
Presented in a pre-filled auto injector of 1 mg in 1 mL. |
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Epinephrine 1:1,000 (auto injector) - Indications
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Severe anaphylaxis.
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Epinephrine 1:1,000 (auto injector) - Contraindications
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Nil.
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Epinephrine 1:1,000 (auto injector) - Usual dosages
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Paediatric - 6 months - <10 years 0.15 mg IM (auto injector). Repeat every 5 mins prn.
>= 10 years 0.3 mg IM (auto injector). Repeat every 5 mins prn. |
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Epinephrine 1:1,000 (auto injector) - Side effects
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PHAT (Fat)
* Palpitations; * Hypertension; * Angina-like symptoms; * Tachyarrthymias. |
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Epinephrine 1:1,000 (auto injector) - Additional information
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N.B. double check the concentration on pack before use.
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GTN (Glyceryl TriNitrite) - Description
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Vascular dilator in a aerosol form that delivers precisely 0.4 mg of GTN per spray.
Presented in an aerosol spray metered dose of 0.4 mg. |
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GTN (Glyceryl TriNitrite) - Indications
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Angina or suspected MI.
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GTN (Glyceryl TriNitrite) - Contraindications
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Grandad
* Systolic BP <90 mmHg; * Viagra or similar used within previous 24 hours; * KSAR. |
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GTN (Glyceryl TriNitrite) - Usual dosages
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Adult - 0.4 mg SL. Repeat 3 to 5 mins prn to a max of 1.2 mg (3 doses);
Paediatric is contraindicated. |
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GTN (Glyceryl TriNitrite) - Side effects
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HFHD (High Frequency / High Definition)
* Headache; * Flushing; * Transient Hypotension; * Dizziness. |
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GTN (Glyceryl TriNitrite) - Additional information
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If the pump is new or not used for a week or more then the first spray should be released into the air.
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Salbutamol - Description
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Bronchodilator designed to open your airway.
Presented in a nebulae of 2.5 mg in 2.5 mL or a nebulae of 5 mg in 2.5 mL or an aerosol inhaler with a metered dose of 0.1 mg. |
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Salbutamol - Indications
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CBS
* COPD - Exacerbation of COPD; * Bronchospasm; * Submersion - Respiratory distress following submersion incident. |
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Salbutamol - Contraindications
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KSAR.
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Salbutamol - Usual dosages
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Paediatric - <5 years 2.5 mg NEB (or 0.1 mg spray x 3). Repeat at 5 mins prn.
>= 5 years 5 mg NEB (or 0.1 mg spray x 5). Repeat at 5 mins prn. |
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Salbutamol - Side effects
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The 3 T's
* Tachycardia; * Tachyarrhythmia; * Tremors; * High doses may cause hypokalaemia (low level of potassium leading to Cardiac Arrest). |
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Salbutamol - Additional information
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It is more efficient to use a volumiser in conjunction with an inhaler;
If an O2 driven NEB is used for a patient with acute exacerbation of COPD it should be limited to 6 minutes max. |