Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name the ten major endocrine glands
|
pineal pituitary thyroid parathyroid thymus hypothalamus adrenal pancreas
ovaries testes |
|
what are the six main hormones formed in the anterior pituitary?
|
growth hormone (GH)
prolactin (PRL) thyrotropic hormone (TH) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) luteinizing hormone (LH) |
|
what are the two main hormones formed in the posterior pituitary?
|
oxytocin
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) |
|
what hormones are formed in the thyroid?
|
thyroid hormone
calitonin |
|
what hormones are formed in the adrenal cortex?
|
mineralcorticoids
glucocorticoids sex hormones |
|
what hormones are formed in adrenal medulla?
|
epinephrine
norepinephrine |
|
what hormones are formed in the pancreas?
|
insulin
glucagon |
|
what hormones are formed in the pineal gland?
|
melatonin
|
|
what hormones are formed in the thymus?
|
thymosin
|
|
what hormones are formed in the ovaries?
|
progesterone
estrogens |
|
what hormones are formed in the testes?
|
androgens (testosterone)
|
|
what is a hormone?
|
a chemical substance secreted by cells into the blood, that regulates the activity of other cells in the body
|
|
what is a tropic hormone?
|
hormones that control the release of other hormones
|
|
hormone involved in regulating daily and cicadian rhythms
|
melatonin
|
|
where are hormones secreted by the hypothalumus stored and released?
|
posterior pituitary
|
|
what is the function of oxytocin?
|
stimulates contraction of uterus and milk "let down" reflex
|
|
what hormone promotes retention of water in the kidneys?
|
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
|
|
what hormone stimulates growth and metabolism?
|
growth hormone (GH)
|
|
what is the function of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?
|
stimulates production of ova and sperm
|
|
what is the function of prolactin (PRL)?
|
stimulates milk production
|
|
what is the function of luteinizing hormone (LH)?
|
stimulates ovaries and testes
|
|
what is the function of thyrotropic hormone (TH)?
|
stimulates thyroid
|
|
what is the function of thyroxine and triiodothyonine?
|
major metabolic hormone
|
|
what is the function of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
|
stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids
|
|
what hormone helps reduce blood calcium level?
|
calcitonin
|
|
what hormone raises blood calcium level?
|
parathyroid hormone (PTH)
|
|
what is the function of epinephrine and norepinephrine?
|
to prepare the body for short-term stressors by increasing blood gluclose levels and rate of metabolism
|
|
what hormones help the body deal with long-term stressors?
|
glucocorticoids
|
|
where are androgens and estrogens formed?
|
gonads and adrenal cortex
|
|
hormonal stimulus
|
endocrine organs are stimulated by other (tropic) hormones
|
|
humoral stimulus
|
endocrine organs activated by changing ion levels in the blood
|
|
neural stimulus
|
nerve sends signal to activate gland
|
|
what hormone can raise blood pressure by increasing blood volume and causing vasopression?
|
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
|
|
hypocalcemic
|
decreases calcium level in blood
|
|
hypercalcemic
|
increases calcium level in blood
|
|
what two organs rest on the superior aspect of the kidneys?
|
adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla
|
|
what hormones regulate electrolyte balance? where are they secreted?
|
mineralocorticoids; adrenal cortex
|
|
what hormones are secreted by the pancreas?
|
insulin and glucagon
|
|
hyperglycemic
|
raises glucose levels in the blood
|
|
hypoglycemic
|
lowers glucose levels in the blood
|
|
what endocrine gland is responsible for programming the immune system?
|
thymus
|
|
______, formed in the _____ _____, triggers ovulation and stimulates testosterone.
|
Luteinizing hormone; anterior pituitary
|
|
how does calcitonin decrease blood calcium levels?
|
causes calcium ions to deposit in bones
|
|
how does parathyroid hormone increase blood calcium levels?
|
stimulates osteoclasts to break down bone matrix and release calcium
|
|
what two hormones regulate blood sugar?
|
insulin and glucogon
|