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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Jazz Swing
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-syncopation: emphasising (stress) of notes played off the beat
-Ragtime (major user of syncopation, genre helped develop jazz)
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Improvisation
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-compose and perform simultaneously (make up what your playing on the spot) -expresses creativity
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2 common jazz forms |
A-A-B-A song form 12 Bar Blues [12 bars (measures) long (melody), then to solos, then melody to wrap it up] |
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The Combo (The Orchestral composition of the time) |
-trumpet,trombone,clarinet,(sometimes saxophone),
Rythym Piano, (some kind of bass instrument[bass sax, tuba, or left hand piano), drummer, guitar (but more likely) the Banjo (because it was naturally louder)
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Main differences of this time (The Jazz Age) in music: |
-most (a great percentage) music is improvised -the rhythmic feel is considered to be more relaxed or looser (swing feeling emerging) -starting to see original material -collective improvisation (collectively improvised format) -more engaging to the audience |
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Jelly Roll Morton |
(pianist and composer) (claimed to have single handedly invented Jazz, first jazz composer) |
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Joe “King” Oliver |
(Trumpet Player, mentor of Louis Armstrong) |
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Kid Orey |
(Trombonists,composer) |
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Buddy Bolman |
(1st Jazz Musician, Trumpet Player) |
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-Sidney Bechet |
(Clarinet, Soprano Sax, first person we know to have brought jazz to Europe)
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Louis Armstrong |
(Trumpet, Sang, All around entertainer)
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The Chicago Scene (Chicago Jazz Scene) |
-Next city after New Orleans that Jazz went to -Started because musicians played live music on the river boats that went up and down the Mississippi River and many ended up migrating to Chicago from this -Many of the earliest recordings were made in Chicago in the early 1920’s -credited for having musicians play together within loosely defined roles so they would not clash with one another while improvising with each other -lead to more improvisation
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The Original Dixieland Jazz Band |
(First Jazz Band to Record, White New Orleans Musicians, Organized in Chicago, First recorded in 1917 in New York)
-Tailgate Trombone style
-Livery Stable Blues & The Dixie Jazz One Step (1917)
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King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band |
(Black New Orleans Musicians, First black jazz musicians to record, migrated to Chicago, recorded in 1923) |
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Scott Joplin |
Maple Leaf Rag (RAGTIME) |
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Ragtime |
-Contained syncopation -Scott Joplin - Maple Leaf Rag* -Piano dominated -Doesn’t have jazz swing feel -only contains limited improvisations -forerunner of jazz
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Blues
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-Developed primarily from work songs of slaves -early jingle -street vendors sang -St. Louis Blues - Bessy Smith* -Bent pitches on vocals
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Louis Armstrong |
(trumpet player, bandleader, vocalist, all around entertainer) -The Father of Jazz (Nicknames: Pops, Satchmo, Dipper, Dipper-Mouth) -spent childhood in the Colored Waifs Home, an orphanage) -Bandleader of: Louis Armstrong and his Hot 5 & Louis Armstrong and his Hot 7 -3 frequent members of his bands: Clarinetist Johnny Dodds & Kid Ory & Pianist Lil Hardin Armstrong -Most widely imitated improviser before the 1940’s -Changed the way people improvised -departed from collective improvisation -Demonstrated that a solo improviser could be as interesting as collective improvisation -Changed jazz from this point in terms of solos -Refined the 8th note swing feeling -SONG: Muskrat Ramble (1926)(Louis on Cornet, Kid Ory Composer, Johnny Dodds on clarinet, Lil Hardin on piano, ________ on Banjo) -SONG: Strut With Some Barbeque (1927)(Louis on Cornet, Kid Ory on trombone, Johnny Dodds on clarinet, Lil Hardin on piano, ________ on Banjo)
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Muskrat Ramble |
(1926)(Louis on Cornet, Kid Ory Composer, Johnny Dodds on clarinet, Lil Hardin on piano, ________ on Banjo) |
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Strut With Some Barbeque |
(1927)(Louis on Cornet, Kid Ory on trombone, Johnny Dodds on clarinet, Lil Hardin on piano, ________ on Banjo) |
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Bix Beiderbecke |
Caucasian Trumpet Player) -From Davenport, Iowa -developed at the same time as Armstrong -Wolverine Orchestra (1924) -Featured soloist in band with Paul Whiteman -mixed jazz with ragtime & classical impressionist music -worked with Saxophonist Frankie Trumbauer (played C Melody Saxophone(unusual)) -SONG: Clarinet Marmalade (Beiderbecke & Trumbauer)
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Clarinet Marmalade |
(Beiderbecke & Trumbauer) |
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ragging (and shagging) |
Altering rhythm and adding syncopation |
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Harmonic progression |
chord changes |
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the head |
Melody that is later improvised upon |
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break |
A pause to feature a soloist in between choruses |
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musical sentence |
Phrase improvising |
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Earl “fatha” hines |
Trumpet style right hand piano technique |
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King porter stomp |
written by Jelly Roll Morton |
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Blind willie and gin bottle 4 |
one white one black guitarist, first integrated recording |
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Livery stable blues |
original Dixieland jazz band 1917 recorded in NYC |
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James P. Johnson |
father of stride piano |
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Willie “The Lion” Smith |
Pianist |
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Art Tatum |
Pianist |
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Fats Waller |
Pianist (Aint Misbehaving) |
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Duke Ellington |
Pianist |
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Lil hardin Armstrong |
Pianist (played in hot 5 and 7) |
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Johnny Dodds |
Clarinetist (shrill, powerful) |
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Jimmy Noone |
Clarinetist (dark, warm) |
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Kid Ory |
Trombonist (hot 5 & 7, wrote muskrat ramble) |
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Jack teagarden |
Trombonist (texas, swing) |
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Baby dodds |
Drummer (ride rhythm) |
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Zutty singleton |
Drummer (used brushes, 4/4 beat kick drum |
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Eddie lang |
Guitarist |
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Lonnie Johnson |
Guitarist (played with Louis Armstrong) |
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Bessie smith |
Vocalist (empress of blues , didn’t use microphone, interpreter of melodies) |
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Ma Rainey |
Vocalist (mother of the blues) |
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Muddy waters |
Vocalist (father of the blues) |
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Ethel waters |
Vocalist (1st jazz singer) |
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Boogie woogie |
stride piano, hot music, blues oriented |