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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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at least ____% of the Netherlands was once under the sea
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40
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the Dutch erected ____, structures that are used to ________, which include ____ and ____
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seawords, control sea's destructive impact on human's life, dikes, and terpen
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the dikes are used to ____ which the terpen are used to ____
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hold back the sea, provide places to go for safety during floods and high tides
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in the ____s, the Dutch began using ____ to power pumps that drained the land
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1400s, windmills
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the Zuider Zee was once an ____ of the ____ Sea and is now a ____ ____ . This transformation was done in the late ____ and early ____.
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arm, North Sea, Fresh-water lake, 1800s - 1900s
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how did the Zuider Zee become a fresh-water lake? What is it now called?
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dikes were built all around it and no saltwater flowed in
Ijsselmeer |
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How did the Dutch add hundreds of square miles of land?
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draining the land around the Ijsselmeer
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#____ islands and part of the mainland make up ____.
two of the largest islands are ____ and ____ with the ____ flowing in between them |
120, Venice, San Marco and Rialto, Grand Canal
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Venice depends on over #____ canals to get through and around the islands
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150
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how did Venice begin?
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when people escaping invaders took shelter on inhospitable islands in a lagoon. They remained there and established a settlement
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Venice is located at the ____ end of the ____ Sea, a good site for a ____. As a result, ____ helped Venice grow
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north, Adriatic, port, trade
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Why did building Venice require construction techniques? How did they do it?
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because of the swampy land, sunk wooden pilings into the ground to help support the structures above.
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Where were the pilings for building Venice come from?
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oak forests in the northern Italian countryside and in Slovenia
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why is Venice sinking?
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weight of the heavy building compressed the underlying ground
rising sea levels and the removal of too much groundwater by pumping |
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what are the threats of water pollution in Venice?
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industrial waste, sewage, and saltwater combines to eat away the foundation of building and damage buildings
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what has allowed increased amoutns of seawater into the lagoon? and what results?
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erosion, flood
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what promotes algae growth in Venice? What results?
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agricultural runoff, grow rapidly and die, using up oxygen in the water, causing fishes to die, attracting insects and awful stenches
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in the ____s, ____ ____ causes trees of Black Forest in ____ to ____, ____ ____, and die.
this affects ____ of all European forests |
1960s, Germany, discolor, lose leaves, 1/4
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