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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How are minerals different from rocks?
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Rocks are aggregates of minerals, while minerals are very distinct formations that have exact chemical formulas and crystalline structures.
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_________________ are rocks that form from the crystallization of magma and lava.
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Igneous rocks |
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_________________ are rocks that form from the alteration of other rocks.
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Metamorphic rocks |
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Describe intrusive igneous rocks.
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They cool slowly inside the Earth's crust, giving them a coarse-grained texture. |
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How are granite and basalt different? |
Granite is coarse-grained and has a felsic composition while basalt is fine-grained and has a mafic composition.
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Sedimentary rocks are rarely deposited in water bodies. True or False?
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False |
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How would you explain the presence of metamorphic rocks in contact with an igneous intrusive rock, like granite? Note that both rocks are the same age. |
The metamorphic rock was created by the hot magma body that cooled to become the granite.
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Describe the oceanic lithosphere.
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Oceanic lithosphere is made of basalt and is more dense than continental lithosphere
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_______________ is the concept that explains how the low-density crust is floating on top of the denser mantle. |
Isostacy |
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______________ refers to the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest points of an area.
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Relief |
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______________ is the doctrine that explains how the processes we see acting on the Earth today are the same processes that have shaped and formed the landscapes we see today over geologic time. |
Uniformitarianism |
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_______________ refers to the immense period of time over which geologic processes operate. |
Geologic Time |
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The ____________ is an example of an active, continent-continent collision.
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northward movement of India into Eurasia |
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The _____________ is (are) a logical evolutionary analog of the African Rift Valleys ten million years from now.
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Red Sea |
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A typical rate of seafloor spreading in the Atlantic Ocean is ___________.
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2 centimeters per year |
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Cooler, older oceanic lithosphere sinks into the mantle at ____________. |
subduction zones along convergent plate boundaries
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The Aleutian Islands occur at a ______________. |
convergent boundary where the Pacific plate is subducting below the North American plate
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_____________ most effectively outline the edges of the lithospheric plates
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Lines of earthquake epicenters |