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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Equivocation
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Changing the meaning of terms during the argument
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Amphiboly
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Using language in such a way that allows statements to have more than one meaning
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Composition
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Saying that what is true of an individual part of something is true of the entire thing
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Division
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Saying that what is true of an entire thing is true of each individual
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Accent
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Using vocal emphasis to create statements with more than one meaning
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Figure of Speech
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Treating figurative statements as if they were literal
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Accident
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Treating an inessential quality of something as if it were an essential quality
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Secundum quid
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Arguing for generalization without a sufficient basis for generalization
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Anecdotal Evidence
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Evidence in the form of an anecdote or hearsay is called anecdotal if there is doubt about its veracity; the evidence itself is considered untrustworthy.
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Ignoratio el enchi
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Ignorance of the rules and procedures of evidence
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Begging the Question
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Asking the respondent to grant the very proposition in dispute.
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Affirming the Consequent
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In the argument form "if A and B," getting the respondent to grant B and using that concession as proof of A
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False Cause
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Falsely identifying one event as the cause of another
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Many Questions
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Explicitly or implicitly asking multiple questions at once so a straightforward yes or no answer cannot answer all of the questions
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Hasty Generalization
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I had three engineers in my class last semester and they all worked very hard. Thus, all engineers work very hard.
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Informal Fallacies
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Reasoning and evidence
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Formal Fallacies
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Regarding formal logic
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Non Sequitur Fallacy
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Evidence and reasoning do not pertain to claim.
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