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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Lamanna & Riedmann define family
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A family is any sexually expressive or parent-child or other kin relationship in which people, usually related by ancestry, marriage or adoption,Form an economic unit and care for any young,
Consider their identity to be significantly tied to the group, Commit to maintaining that group over time |
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theories used primarily to do?
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Help us understand family situations
Explain behaviors Predict likely outcomes (for family and family outcomes) |
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Ecological System Theory
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Microsystem—daily context in which the individual lives
Mesosystem—connections between the daily contexts Exosystem—Experiences outside of daily contexts that influence these contexts Macrosystem—norms, values, ideologies of culture |
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Structure / Functional
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states that Gender specialized development is optimal for the survival of the family and society
Men—instrumental tasks Breadwinner, leadership, and decision making Women—expressive tasks Emotional, nurturing, childbearing Less Conflict! It minimizes competition and ambiguity about who should fulfill what roles. |
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Family Systems Theory
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The family is a system, and actions by one member affect everyone in the family
Sub-systems (Parent-Child, etc) Families create boundaries around themselves and subsystems in order to establish roles for members and rules for family functioning Systems tend toward equilibrium with the creation of these boundaries & are resistant to change Disequilibrium (dysfunction) occurs when boundaries aren’t maintained Families act to restore equilibrium by Pushing members back to former positions Changing relationships |
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Social Exchange Theory
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exchange is regulated by norms of equity and that the pattern must be perceived as fair for the relationship to thrive
if it is NOT perceived as fair Change it Convince of Equity End it |
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Family Decline Perspective?
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Cultural change is due to the self indulgences of the baby boom generation
Concern that the pursuit of self realization underlies the increase in divorce and unmarried parenthood and has undermined responsible parenting Views changes in the age at first marriage, divorce, cohabitation, and nonmarital births and the decline in fertility as disastrous for the family |
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The Conservative Perspective
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The breakdown of the two-parent, heterosexual nuclear family puts children and society at risk.
Parents are not invested in their children, which results in the moral and cultural weakening of society. |
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The Liberal Perspective
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government-sponsored set of social services to meet the needs of family members.
Market economy w/ govn’t regulation Promotion of job opportunities Programs to eradicate poverty and poor health |
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In what ways do the Liberal and Conservative perspective disagree?
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The Conservative places more of an emphasis on the dysfunction of family forms that differ from the nuclear.
Solutions aim to restore the nuclear family The Liberal places more blame on the economy and the lack of support families face. Solutions aim to provide govn’t services and economic changes to meet the needs of family members. |
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characteristics that we find attractive
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Physical Characteristics
Personality Characteristics Competence, Special Skills Tangible Resources Liking of, and agreement with, us |
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How does matching account for who we will choose in a relationship?
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When given the choice, we will choose the date that matches our self-reported level of attractiveness, even if we know we could choose someone who is more/less attractive than us.
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How does the evolutionary perspective account for attraction?
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The Evolutionary Perspective believes that we find attractive those characteristics that indicate the potential for reproductive success with a person.
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How does compatibility affect attraction?
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We find attractive those characteristics that indicate a person is compatible with us.
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What is propinquity?
How does it affect attraction? |
Nearness in physical space
Exposure breeds liking |
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What was “Courtly” love?
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Knights would attempt to win the favor of young women by performing courtship behaviors.
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How is romantic love different today than it was in the past?
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In the past, love was not the most important reason for marriage. Today, it is believed that love should exist before a couple gets married.
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What is the definition of love?
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Text:
…a deep and vital emotion that satisfies certain needs, combined with a caring for an acceptance of the beloved and resulting in an intimate relationship. Class: …a deep emotion that involves a caring for and acceptance of the beloved and significant need satisfaction, and that ideally results in an intimate relationship. |
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emotional interdependence
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A relationship in which individuals retain a degree of autonomy and sense of self, yet simultaneously make strong commitments to each other.
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What are the three basic components of love according to Sternberg?
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Intimacy: warm, close connection
Passion: romance, attraction, sexuality Commitment Short-term: decision that it is love Long-term: commitment to maintain love |
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What develops first in Sternberg’s Triangular theory of Love?
What is not affected by time? |
Passion develops most quickly and declines most over time.
Commitment is not as affected by the passage of time. |
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What are the three attachment styles?
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Secure
Faith in partner, self-confidence, & sociability Anxious/Ambivalent Unsure of partner, worry they will leave, want to merge completely Avoidant Unsure of partner, detached, uncomfortable with closeness, fear of dependence |
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What are the three primary emotional systems according to the Evolutionary-Anthropological perspective?
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The sex drive
Romantic love Attachement |
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What is commitment?
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The intent to continue a relationship into the future.
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How did Kelley compare love and commitment?
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Love = positive feelings
Commitment = positive feelings + Constraints |
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What are the three determinants of commitment?
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Satisfaction
Rewards-Costs, relative to CL Alternatives Rewards-Costs, relative to CL for alternatives Investment Size Extrinsic Intrinsic |
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What predicts whether abused spouses go back or leave?
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Investments & alternatives
Lack of satisfaction |
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What is the difference between dating and courtship?
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Dating is when two individuals engage in activities together.
Courtship is the process by which a commitment (to marriage) develops. |
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What are our pool of eligibles?
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Those physically available to us
Those whom our culture approves of as potential partners. |
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Endogamy
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the cultural requirement to marry within a particular group.
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Exogamy
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the cultural requirement to marry outside of a particular group.
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What is the main belief of the compatibility theory?
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A single dimension of the relationship, degree of compatibility, operates over the length of premarital relationship to influence mate choice.
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What are the three stages of SVR?
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Stimulus Stage
Interaction depends on physical attraction Values Stage Partners compare their physical values and determine whether these are appropriately matched Role Compatibility Prospective spouses test and negotiate how they will play their respective marital and leisure roles |
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What are some of the reasons for increases in rates of single adults?
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More people putting off marriage until they are older
Economic changes make marriage less attractive Improved contraception allows for sex outside of married relationship Sex ratios affect odds of finding spouse More positive attitudes about being single |
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US Census Bureau
Family |
any two or more persons related by birth, marriage, or adoption residing together in one household
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nuclear family
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A husband, wife, and children in an independent household
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Ecological Theory
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focuses on the connections between the family and the environment
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Family Development
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relationships qualitatively change during transitions between stages
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From the Structure / Functional Theory—when is a family considered dysfunctional?
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When it has a detrimental effect on society (not meeting the 4 major functions of family)
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Longitudinal Research Design
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Advantage: can get at developmental change
Disadvantage: time consuming and expensive, attrition (drop out of subjects), can influence the way people act or answer questions |
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matching hypothesis
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When given the chance, we choose a date that matches self reported level of attractiveness, regardless of whether or not they thought the date might reject them
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Love in textbook
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a deep and vital emotion resulting from significant need for satisfaction, coupled with a caring for and acceptance of the beloved, and resulting in an intimate relationship. Love may make the world go ‘round, but it’s a lot of work too
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Love in class
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A deep emotion (highest emphasis) that involves a caring for and acceptance (for who they are) of the beloved and significant need satisfaction (not selfless, we get our feelings met too), and that ideal results in an intimate relationship (which is the goal
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When did Love become the basis for most marriages?
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1500 to 1600 AD
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Homogamy
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the tendency to choose a mate with characteristics similar to our own
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Interpersonal Process Theory
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This theory states that compatibility and interaction create the nature of the relationship and shapes commitment.
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