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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the nurse researcher is reading about bivariate descriptive stats. bivariate descriptive stats describes how many relationships between variables?
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2
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what is the name for the shape of the distribution that occurs when the nurse researcher has a bell shaped curve distribution?
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normal
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what is the highest measurement level
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ratio
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what type of data can researchers summarize and describe with descriptive stats?
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quantitative
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what index expresses the estimated proportion of people who would be spared from an adverse outcome through exposure to an intervention
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absolute risk reduction
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what is standard deviation
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the average amount of deviation of values from the mean and is calculated for every score
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the nurse researcher is examining how spread out the data is. which are measures of variability
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range and variance
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what is the value that occurs most frequently in a distribution
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mode
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correlation coefficients describe the direction and magnitude of a relationship between how many variables
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2
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there are 4 level of measurement. what is nominal measurement
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classification of characteristics into mutually exclusive categories
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what is ordinal measurement
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ranking of objects based on their relative standing on an attribute
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the independent is the treatment group. the dependent is the infants length of stay in the hospital after birth. what is the appropriate statistical test
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ANOVA
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what is the major factor affecting the standard of error of the mean
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sample size
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the independent variable is weight gain during pregnancy. the dependent variable is the infants birth weight. what is the appropriate test statistic
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pearson r
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what occurs with type II error
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there is a false negative relationship between research variables
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the nurse researcher is reading about standard deviation of a sampling distribution. what is this called
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standard error
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what does hypothesis testing through statistical procedures enable researchers to do
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make objective decisions about the validity of the hypothesis
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what is a null hypothesis
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there is no relationship between the variables
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what must the nurse researcher estimate is power analysis
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effect size
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what does inferential statistics permit the researcher to do
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generalize to a population based on data form a sample
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what occurs with type I ERROR
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there is a false positive relationship based on the data from the sample
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stats inference consists of two approaches: estimating parameters and testing hypotheses. what is point estimation
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provides a single descriptive value of the population estimate
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a 95% confidence elevel is associated with how many SD units
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1.96
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small samples are problematic in multiple regression and other multivariate procedures. what type of errors can inadequate sample size lead to
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type II
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multivariate stats procedures are increasingly being used in nursing research to untangle complex relationships among a minimum of how many variables
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3
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what is linear regression
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make predictions about the values of one variable based on values of a second variable
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what is multiple simultaneous regression
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enters all predictor variables into the regression equation at the same time
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what is dependent variable of interest for survival analysis
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time
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what is multiple regression
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methods of predicting a continuous dependent variable on the basis of two or more independent variables
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what is beta weight
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standardized regression coefficient
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what is statistical procedure when a nurse researcher wants to predict whether pressure ulcers develop n clients with fractured hips using age, weight, gender as predictors
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discriminant analysis
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one approach to estimate sample size needs the ratio of a predictor variables to total number of cases. some experts recommend a ratio of 20 to 1 for which regression
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simultaneous and hierarchal
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with 2 or more independent variables, the index is the multiple correlation coefficient or R. What is the range for R?
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0-1
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a meta-summary involves developing a list of abstracted findings from the primary studies. what is the percentage of studies that contain a given findings called.
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frequency
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what is a publication bias
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stems from under representation of nonsignificant findings in the published literature
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what is considered an advantage of meta analysis
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enhanced power
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constructing a funnel plot wil assist in determining how may studies with what type of results to reverse the conclusion of a significant finding
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nonsignificant
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evidence based practice relies on rigorous integration of research evidence on a topic through systematic reviews. what is systematic review?
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use of carefully developed sampling and data collection procedures that are spelled out in advanced in a protocol
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what is similar in the steps for both quantitative and qualitative integration
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searching the literature for primary studies
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what is a common scenario in meta analysis
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comparing two groups on a continuous outcome
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