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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Ecology |
Study of what controls the distribution and abundance of species |
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Ecological Pattern |
The arrangement of things |
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Ecological Process |
Stages in bringing something about |
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Community |
Assemblage of species |
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Population |
All individuals of a species in a location |
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Understory Tolerance |
Ability to survive beneath a closed canopy |
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Resources |
Environmental factors for which organisms compete |
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Disturbance |
An event that results in a change in environmental resources and conditions |
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Biotic Community |
assemblage of species populations living in some prescribed area |
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Scale |
The proportion that a model bears to the thing it represents |
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First Principle of Ecology |
The composition of the biotic community depends upon climate, available biota, topography and soils, and the legacy of disturbance events |
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Climatic Climax Community |
Assemblage of populations that would persist in the absence of large-scale disturbances |
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Environmental gradient |
Gradual change through the landscape in some environmental factors |
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Organismic Hypothesis |
Discrete associations and ecotones |
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Individualistic Hypothesis |
Species are distributed along an environmental gradient according to its own environmental requirements |
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Habitat |
The kind of environment in which a species occurs |
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Niche |
The position of a species within the biotic community |
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Ecotone |
Transition zone between two distinct community types |
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Interspecific competition |
Leads to niche divergence via character displacement |
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Biotic Association |
A repeating assemblage of populations of organisms |
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Reciprocal Replacement Hypothesis |
Traits of species may have co-evolved so that if one falls down, the other takes its place -Sugar maple and beech |
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Env. Discontinuities |
Differences in forests in the same area -slope side, disturbance history |
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Palynology |
Inspecting soil for pollen grains of past trees |
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Guild |
a group of species that makes their living in similar ways |
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Biodiversity |
Species richness -# of species |
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Species Structure |
How all the species divide up the habitat space |
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Autecology |
Interactions of a single species with its environment |
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phenotypic variation |
Variation in a trait depending upon the environment in which it is growing |
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Genotypic variation |
Variation in a trait caused by difference in the genes |
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Safe Site |
A location where an individual of a species is likely to be able to complete its life cycle |
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Monoecious |
Separate male and female flowers -male on bottom |
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Dioecious |
Separate male and female individuals |
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Masting |
Synchronous seed production in a location |
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Site Index |
Average forest canopy height at a standard age |
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Site |
Sum of all factors that influence the growth and reproduction of trees |
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Very Tolerant Gymnosperms |
Hemlock, Balsam Fir, Red and black spruce |
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Very Tolerant Angio |
Beech, sug. Maple,Hornbeam,Striped Maple |
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Mid Tolerant Gymno |
White Pine, N. White Cedar |
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Mid Tolerant Angio |
Basswood, Red maple, yellow birch, White and red oak, hickory,white ash, elm |
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Intolerant gymno |
Red Pine, E. Red Cedar |
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Intolerant Angio |
Black Cherry, Tuliptree, Sycamore, Black walnut, black oak, scarlet oak |
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Very Intolerant Gymno |
Jack pine, Eastern larch |
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Very Intolerant Angio |
Pin cherry, Paper birch, Populus |
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Elastic Modulus |
Flexibility of cell wall of plants, allowing cell volume to change to affect turgor pressure |
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Critical Leaf Water Potential |
The point at which stomates close |
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Q10 |
The proportional increase in reaction rates for every 10 degree C increase in temperature |
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Seed bank |
Accumulation of viable seeds in the soil |
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Water Use Efficiency |
Ratio of carbon gain through photosynthesis to water loss by transpiration |