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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Agility
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The ability to change the position of the body quickly and to control the movement of the whole body.
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abduction
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the action of a muscle causing a limb move outwards, away from the body.
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anabolic steriods
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drugs, banned in sport, that minic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and mucle growth.
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abduction
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the action of a muscle causing a limb move in towards the body.
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antagonistic muscles
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two muscles that work together to move a limb.
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atrophy
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muscles wastage(through age, illness, malnutrition or lack of use)
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body composition
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the percentage of the body weight which is fat, muscle and bone.
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calcuim
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a vital element for healthy bones, the best sources are milk(cheese and yoghurt.
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capillaries
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microscopic blood vessels that link the arteries with the veins.
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carbo-loading
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a method of increasing.
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cardiac output
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the amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute.
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cartliage
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gristle- like tissue. In humans, most carliage changes into bone by adulthood.
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diaphragm
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a sheet of muscle and tough fribes that cuts off the chest region from the rest of the body cavity
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ectomorph
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a somatotype characterized by linearity (thickness).
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endomoph
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a somatotype charaterized by fatness.
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fatlek
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literity :speedplay; training using jogging, sprints and rest intervals.
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haemoglobin
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the red, oxygen- carrying pigment in red blood cells.
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hypertrophy
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muscle enlargement.
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isomertic
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when a muscle contracts but stays in a fixed position, neither shortening nor lenghtening, eg. when pressing aganist a statinary object.
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isotonic
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when a muscle contracts and the muscle fribes shorten or lenghten, resulting in limb movement.
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glycogyn
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levels in the body,party by eating lots of carbohydrate- rich foods a day or two before an event(e.g a marthon)
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cardivoscular
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realting to the heart and blood vessels.
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circulatory system
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the system that transports oxygenated blood and nurients to the various parts of the body.
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energy blance
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taking in and using up an equal number of kilocalories.
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lean body mass
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total body weight less the weight of the fat in the body.
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mesomorph
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a somatotype characterized by muscularity.
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minearls
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inorganic substances that our boides need for a varity of functions.
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muscle girth
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the sized around the muscle taken at the widest part when the muscle is flexed.
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obese
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describing someone who is abnormally fat. The condition is called obesity.
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optimum weight
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most favourable weight for an indivual.
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overfat
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a way of saying you have more body fat than you should have.
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oxygen debt
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the extra amont of oxygen needed to recover from anaerobic activity.
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respriration
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the process in which the body takes in oxygen and gives out carbon dioxde.
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reversbittly
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any changes that take place as a consequence of TRAINING(e.g increased fitness) will be reversed when you stop training.
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specificity
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you must do speciffic kinds of activitty or execrise to build or improve speciffi body parts or skills.
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stroke volume
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the volume of blood pumped out of the heart by each Ventricle during one contraction.
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tendoms
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non- elastic fribes that attach muscles to bone.
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tidal volume
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the amount of air breathed in or out of the lungs in one breath.
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vital capacity
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the maximum amount of air that can be forciby exhaled after breathing in as much as possible.
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dehydration
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having an abnorally low water content in the body.
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glucose
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a type of sugar found in carbohdrates.
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hygiene
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the practic of keeping clean and stopping the spread of germs.
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lean body mass
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total body weight less the weight of the fat in the body.
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elitle athlete
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sportperson at the top of their profession.
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overweight
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having weight in excess of normal. Not harmful unless it becomes Obesity.
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reaction time
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the time between the presention of a Stimulus and the onset of movement.
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recovery rate
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how long the Heart Rate takes to get back to normal.
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Roation
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the action of a muscle causing a limb turn around.
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speed
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the rate at which an individual is able to perform a movement or cover a distance.
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static
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stationary, not moving.
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stimulants
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drugs that act on the cental nervous system to make a person more alert. They include Nicatone, caffeine, amphetaminies and cocaine.
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symptoms
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what someone feels and can describle about an injury or illness.
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ventricle
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either of the two lower chambers of the heart that contract to force blood around the Circulatory System.
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weight training
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using progessive resitance, either in weight liffted or number of times a weight is liffted.
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warm- up
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a pertiod of Execrise to prepere for a main activity.
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muscle girth
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the size around the muscle taken at the widest part when the muscle is flexed.
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