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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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inbreeding
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the mating of individuals closely related genetically
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anther
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Part of a plant - the part of the stamen that contains pollen.
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Allele
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One of the alternate forms of the same functional gene. Alleles are separated from each other at meiosis.
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chromosomes
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One of the boies in the cell nucleus containing genes in a linear order. Like threads or rods of chromatin, which appear in a contracted form during mitosis and meiosis.
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carrier
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someone whose gene contains the recessive trait.
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gametes
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the mature haploid reproductive cell whose nucleus fuses with the gamete of the opposite sex (resulting in reproduction)with the resulting cell (zygote) developing into a new individual.
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geneticist
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a person who studies genetics - heredity and variation in organisms.
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hybrid
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offspring of parents that differ in one or more heritable characters; offspring of 2 different varieties or species.
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heredity
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the transfer of characteristics from parent to offspringby transmission of genes from ancestor to descendant.
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Mendel
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the father of modern genetics
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insulin
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a protein pancreatic hormone essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, used to treat diabetes
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generation
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a body of living beingsmaking a single step in the line of descent from an ancestor.
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genotype
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the genetic makeup of an organism, either latent or expressed; the sum total of all the genes in an organism.
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meiosis
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nuclear division resulting in chromosomal division from diploid to haploid and segregation and reassortment of the genes occurs. Gametes or spores may be produced.
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select breed
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purposeful crossing of species
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Secretariat
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a carefully bred race horse.
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sickle cell
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an inherited disease that results in misshapen blood cells.
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punnett square
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the checkerboard diagram used to analyze gene segregation.
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environment
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surroundings, habitat, including food, shelter, education, parenting, etc., all of which may affect behavior and health.
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pistil
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the single or fused carpel of a plant, usually containing a stamen, stigma and ovary.
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drosphila
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the Latin name for the fruit fly
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mitosis
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nuclear division characterized by exact chromosome duplication and the formation of two identical daughter cells.
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dominant
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a trait that exerts its full effect regardless of its allele.
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genotype
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the genetic makeup of an organism,
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diabetes
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an inherited disease that prevents proper processing of insulin in the body.
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mutation
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an inheritable change in the chromosomes.
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offspring
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the young or children of an animal or plant
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pure
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gentically stable and free from any inbreeding for one or more characteristics or traits.
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recessive
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a gene whose expression is masked by a dominant allele.
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replicate
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to produce a replica or copy of itself.
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hemophilia
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an inherited disease of the blood characterized by lack of clotting.
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color blind
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a vision defect produced by a recessive allele of the normal gene.
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cross pollinate
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the exchange of sperm between two plants and subsequent fertilization.
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identical twin
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twins born as a result of the splitting of one fertilized egg.
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fraternal twin
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twins born of two separate and diffrent fertilized eggs
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gene pool
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all of the alleles of a gene in a population
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genetics
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The study of heredity and variation in organisms.
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phenotype
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the observable characteristics of an organism resulting from the interaction between its genetic makeup and the environment.
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