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114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
cross product
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A method used to solve proportions and test whether ratios are equal:
a/b=c/d if ad=bc |
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equivalent ratios
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Ratios that are equal.
Example: 5/4=10/8; 5:4=10:8 |
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rate
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[1]Fixed ratio between two things;
[2]A comparison of two different kinds of units, for example, miles per hour or dollars per hour. |
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unit rate
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The rate in lowest terms.
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percent
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A number expressed in relation to 100, represented by the symbol%.
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circle graph
(pie chart) |
A way of displaying statistical data by dividing a circle into proportionally-sized "slices".
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absolute value
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A number's distance from zero on the number line.
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mixed number
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A number composed of a whole number and a fraction.
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terminating decimal
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A decimal with a finite number of digits.
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repeating decimal
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A decimal in which a digit or a set of digits repeat infinitely.
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reciprocal
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The result of dividing a given quantity into q.
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inverse operations
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Operations that undo each other.
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factor
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A number or expression that is multiplied by another to yield a product.
Example: 3 and 11 are factors of 33 |
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multiple
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The product of a given number and an integer.
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least common multiple
(LCM) |
The smallest nonzero whole number that is a multiple of two or more whole numbers.
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greatest common factor
(GCF) |
The greatest number that is a factor of two or more numbers.
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prime number
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A whole number greater than 1 whose only factors are 1 and itself.
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composite number
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A number exactly divisible by at least one whole number other than itself and 1.
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prime factorization
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The expression of a composite number as a product of its prime factors.
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proportion
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A statement that two ratios are equal.
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ratio
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A comparison of two numbers.
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similarity
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Having the same shape, but not necessarily the same size.
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scale factor
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The factor by which all the components of an object are multiplied in order to create a proportional enlargement or reduction.
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polyhedron
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A solid geometrical figure that has four or more plane faces.
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triangular prism
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A polygon that has three sides.
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rectangular prism
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A prism that has six rectangular faces.
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cube
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(n.)A solid figure with six square sides.
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cube
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(v.)To multiply a number by itself and then by itself again.
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hexagonal prism
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A prism that has two hexagonal bases and six rectangular sides.
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length
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A measure of the distance of an object from end to end.
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base
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[1]The side or face on which a three-dimensional shape stands;
[2]The number of characters a number system contains. |
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face
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A two-dimensional side of a three-dimensional figure.
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radius
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A line segment from the center of a circle to any point on its circumference.
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diameter
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A line segment that passes through the center of a circle and divides it in half.
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circumference
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The distance around a circle, calculated by multiplying the diameter by the value pi.
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solid
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A three-dimensional shape.
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prism
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A solid figure that has two parallel, congruent polygonal faces (called bases).
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pyramid
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A solid geometrical figure that has a polygonal base and triangular faces that meet at a common vertex.
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cylinder
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A solid shape with parallel circular bases.
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cone
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A solid consisting of a circular base and one vertex.
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sphere
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A perfectly round grometric solid, consisting of a set of points equidistant from a center point.
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net
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A two-dimensional plan that can be folded to make a three-dimensional model of a solid.
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isometric drawing
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A two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional object in which parallel edges are drawn as parallel lines.
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cross product
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A method used to solve proportions and test whether ratios are equal:
a/b=c/d if ad=bc |
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transformation
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A msthematical process that changes the shape or position of a geometric figure.
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box plot
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A diagram, constructed from a set of numerical data, that shows a box indicating the middle 50% of the ranked statistics, as well as the maximum, minimum and medium statistics.
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minimum value
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The least value of a function or a set of number.
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maximum value
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The greatest value of a function or a set of numbers.
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range
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In statistics, the difference between the largest and smallest values in a sample.
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mean
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The quotient obtained when the sum of the numbers in a set is divided by the number of addends.
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median
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The middle number in an ordered set of numbers.
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mode
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The number of element that occurs most frequently in a set of data.
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histogram
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A graph in which statistical data is represented by blocks of proportionally-sized areas.
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stem-and-leaf plot
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A method of presenting numerical data between 1 and 99 by separating each number into its ten-digit (stem) and its unit-digit (leaf) and then arranging the data in ascending order of the ten-digits.
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variable
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A letter or other symbol that represents a number or set of numbers in an expression or an equation.
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dependent event
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A group of happenings, each of which affects the probability of the occurence of the others.
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independent event
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An event in which the outcome does not influence the outcome of other events.
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order of operations
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To find the answer to an equation, follow this four step process:
1)do all operations with parentheses first; 2)simplify all numbers with exponents; 3)multiply and divide in order from left to right; 4)add and subtract in order from left to right. |
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like terms
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Terms that include the same variables raised to the same powers. Like terms can be combined.
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variable
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A letter or other symbol that represents a number or set of numbers in an expression or an equation.
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rule
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A statement that describes a relationship between numbers or objects.
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multiplicative inverse
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The number for any given number that will yield 1 when the two are multiplied, same as reciprocal.
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additive inverse
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A number that when added to a given number results in a sum of zero.
Example: (+3)+(-3)=0 (-3) is the additive inverse of 3 |
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parentheses
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The enclosing symbols (), which indicate that the terms within are a unit.
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percent of change
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A ratio that compares the change in quantity to the original amount.
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percent of increase
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When the original quantity is increased.
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percent of decrease
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When the original quantity is decreased.
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wholesale
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The sale of goods in large quantities usually for resale by a retail merchant.
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retail
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The sale of commodities or goods in small quantities directly to consumers.
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markup
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The increase in price when stores sell items for more than they paid in order to make a profit.
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sales tax
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An additional amount of money charged on items that people buy.
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commission
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A fee paid based on a percentage of sales.
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discount
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The amount by which the regular price of an item is reduced. The sakes price is the regular rpice minus the discount.
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sale price
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The price of an item that is less than the regular price.
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dilation
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The transformation that enlarges or reduces a figure.
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height
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The length of the segment perpendicular to the base with endpoints on opposite sides. In a triangle, the distance from a base to the opposite vertex.
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box-and-whisker plot
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A diagram that summarizes data by dividing it into four parts.
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lower quartile
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The median of the lower half of data.
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upper quartile
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The median of the upper half of data.
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interquartile range
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The difference between the upper quartile and the lower quartile.
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bar graph
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A method of comparing data by using solid bars to represent quantities.
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outliers
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A number separated from the rest of the data.
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frequency table
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Shows the number of pieces of data that fall within given intervals.
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interval
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Separates the scale into equal parts.
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indirect measurement
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Measurement that uses similar figures to find the length, width, or height of objects that are too difficult to measure directly.
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quartile
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Can refer to any of the four parts of a box-and-whisker plot. Each quartile contains one-fourth, or 25% of the data.
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measure of central tendency
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Used to describe the center of data. The most common are the mean, median, and mode.
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evaluate
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Find the value of powers by multiplying the factors.
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domain
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The set of input values.
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input
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The number you start with in a function.
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output
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The end result of a function.
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equivalent expressions
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Expressions that have the same value.
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coefficient
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The numerical factor of a term that contains a variable.
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exponents
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Tells how many times the base is used as a factor.
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additive inverse
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The opposite of an integer. The sum of an integer and its additive inverse is zero.
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multiplicative inverse
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The product of a number and its multiplicative inverse is 1. The multiplicative inverse of 2/3 is 3/2.
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additive inverse
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The opposite of an integer. The sum of an integer and its additive inverse is zero.
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multiplicative inverse
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The product of a number and its multiplicative inverse is 1. The multiplicative inverse of 2/3 is 3/2.
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proper fraction
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A fraction where the numerator is smaller than the denominator.
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improper fraction
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A fraction where the denominator is larger than the numerator.
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density
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Mass over volume
m/v |
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space figure
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A 3 dimensional object.
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bird's eye view
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Look from the top down.
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isometric dot paper
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Used to draw space figures
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simplify
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To reduce
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interest
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Simple interest is the amount paid or earned for the use of money.
Use the formula: I=prt |
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lateral face
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Faces (sides) of space figures not including the bases(s).
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lateral area
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The surface area of a prism, cylinder, pyramid, or cone not including the base(s).
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middle quartile, median
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Middle quartile is used with box plots/box-and-whisker plots.
The middle number in a set of data when the data are arranged in numerical order If the data has an even number, the median is the mean of the two middle numbers. |
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sales tax
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An additional amount of money charged on items that people buy.
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regular price
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The price before discounts are taken or tax is added.
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sale price
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The regular price minus the discount.
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corresponding angles
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Angles that the same position on two different parallel lines cut by the transversal.
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corresponding parts
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Parts on congruent or similar figures that match.
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