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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Do camelids have a tapetum lucidum?
What siginifigance is this? |
No.
They are day-time animals, they are very reactive at night due to puma attacks, but bed down. |
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Do camelids have corpora nigra (iridic granules)?
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Yes
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Name the cutaneous structures on the metatarsal regions of camelid pelvic limbs that are similar to chestnuts in horses.
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Metatarsal pads
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Do the jugular vein and common carotid artery lie close together in much of the camelid neck or far apart?
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Close together
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What type of kidney does the camelid have?
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pseudounipyramidal
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Intact male camelids have fighting teeth. Which teeth are these in the male llama?
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upper third incisor, maxillary canine, mandibular canine
I1/3, C1/1, P3/3, M3/3 There is only one standard pre-molar, it is PM4, but sometimes there will be PM3, and rarely PM2. |
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Do camelids have hard hooves or soft digital cushions?
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Double pads with a claw in the front. They walk on p2 and P3 and a digital pad
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Do camelids have a dental pad?
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Yes
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Are camelids obligate nasal breathers?
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Yes
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How many compartments does the camelid stomach have? How are these named? Which part of the camelid stomach is similar to the monogastric stomach?
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3
C1, C2, C3 Distal 1/5th of C3 |
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Where are the testes of camelids located?
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perineally
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Which accessory sex glands are present in camelids?
Do male camelids have a urethral recess/diverticulum similar to ruminants? |
ampullary gland
prostate bulbourethral gland Yes, they have the urethral recess/diverticulum making it nearly impossible to pass a catheter into the camelid urinary bladder. |
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Is the camelid penis fibrous or vascular?
Does the camelid penis have a sigmoid flexure? |
Fibrous and sigmoid flexure very close to the distal end of the penis
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Is it normal for the camelid penis to have a cartilaginous tip?
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Yes
Induced ovulators – the cartilaginous tip does lots of damage. |
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Does the female camelid have a suburethral diverticulum similar to ruminants?
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Yes. Makes it difficult, but not impossible to catheterize.
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In which uterine horn do 95% of pregnancies implant?
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Left side.
Ovulation occurs on either side, but if on right, it will migrate to the left side. |
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What is the descriptor for two-toed animals? What about for padded foot?
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Artiodactyla – two toed; tylopoda – padded foot.
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Do llamas and alpacas have metarsal pads?
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Yes - but they're more like a chestnut of a horse.
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What is the gland of the foot of the llama/alpaca?
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The interdigital "gland"
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What is unique about the larynx and soft palate of the camelid?
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Palate lays under the larynx.
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What is of clinical significance in doing jug sticks in camelids?
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very clinically relevant: the common carotid and external jugular vein lie very close to each other and be very careful that nothing is injected into the carotid that shouldn’t be.
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Which side of the llama is this? What is poking out?
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This is the right side, you can tell from the liver and C3 poking out.
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What side of the llama is this?
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The left side
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What kind of muscle is in the esophagus of a camelid?
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Striated since they are ruminants.
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What do the sacculations secrete?
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Bicarb
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What does the pH shift to in C3?
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From pH 7 to pH 2 or 3
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What is the structure in green? What is the function?
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The gastric groove bypasses C1 and C2 and dumps milk into C3.
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Are gastroliths normal in camelids?
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Yes, in the saccules.
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What is this? What is it coming off of?
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Greater omentum off of the greater curvature of C3
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Is this a normal camelid liver?
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In terms of the cracks, yes. In terms of the little white scars, no, those are probably liver flukes
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Do camelids have gall bladders?
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No.
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What type of camelid is this?
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Likely a camel due to the lymph node size, you can rarely even find them in alpacas and llamas
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In what segment of camelid intestines should you start seeing pellets?
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In the centrifugal coil
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What is the tube at right coming into the centripetal coil in this camelid?
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The proximal tubule. Its large.
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How many nipples do camelids have? How many ducts per nipple?
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4. No more, no less, even on males.
2 ducts per nipple. |
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What are choanae?
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The internal nares, or caudal nares.
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