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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How many standard drinks is it recommended for a person to have per day? |
It is recommended that people have no more than two a day and four on any given occasion |
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Which age groups are advised to delay alcohol consumption for as long as possible? |
between 15-17 years old |
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How often do we break the recommended dosage for alcohol consumption? |
Over 50% |
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Has smoking reduced since 1991? |
Yes. Introduction of tax and encouragement of anti-smoking behaviour has resulted in a degrease in smokers. |
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Communicable disease vs non-communicable diseases |
Communicable disease: Caused by the spread of bacteria or viruses. (Example: the common cold) |
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How many deaths are non-communicable in Australia |
90% |
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Why was there a decrease in commuicable diseases after 1980 |
Better medication |
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Which theories are most associated with health related behaviour |
Behaviourism and classical conditioning (reward and behaviour) Limitation is according to this mindset, we engage in behaviours that end with a reward BUT in practice there is an inconsistancy between rewards and costs of behaviour |
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Hall and Fong |
Temporal cell regulation theory. (theory for motivation in health behaviors) |
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Hall and Fong explanation for why people do not like investing in physical explanation for physical exertion |
The costs have to be overcame at a time where the benefits are not evident. |
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Expectancy X Theory |
Idea: All of our attitudes towards objects (alcohol/cigarettes) is the sum of the product about the strength of what we believe is going to happen. |
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Drive theory |
Fear causes emotional tension causing the individual to make an adaptive behavioral change |
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Study by Shutz |
Used a personalized way of highlighting negative consequences of tanning and unprotected. |
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Reactance Effect |
Causing someone to fear stimuli causes tension. However unless the person is told what to do with that fear, they will engage in defensive motivation and continue with problematic behavior by disreguarding information |
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Do fear appeals work? |
No. Not alone, unless efficacy messages are offered. |
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Why dont we do whats good for us? |
-Benefits of whats good for us is in the distal future -Benefits of whats bad for us are rewarded quickly |
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Defense motivation |
Counter attitudinal information. Arguments that are incompatible with an individuals beliefs are judged weaker. |
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Motivated reasoning |
Cognitive bias applied to reduce the negative emotion that we may encounter whilst performing a risky behavior. By doing this, we maintain a positive sense of self and self. |
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Self affirmation theory |
Everyone has a self system (an idea of who we are) and the system motivates us to have a positive perception of ourselves. If there is a threat to a domain (health), the system becomes established - defensive processes are activated to retain a positive impression of self. |