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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1. Publishes his discovery of cells in cork.
2. "Cell Theory". Living things are composed of cells. 1665. |
Robert Hooke
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1. Was the first to observe microorganisms using a simple microscope "animalcules". 1673.
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Antony Von Lee-u-wen-ho-ek
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Debate over spontaneous generation
1. Demonstrates that maggots appear on decaying meat only when flies are able to lay eggs on the meat. 1668 |
Fransesco Redi
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Debate over spontaneous generation
1. claimed that microorganisms could arise spontaneously from a heated nutrient broth. 1745 |
John Needham
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Debate over spontaneous generation
1. Italian anatomist who repeated Needham's experiments and suggested that Needham's results were due to microorganisms in the air entering his broth. 1765. 2. Disputes spontaneous generation |
Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Debate over spontaneous generation
1. Demonstrated that microorganisms are in the air eveywhere and offered proof of biogenesis 1861 2. Led to the developement of the aseptic techniques. |
Louis Pasteur
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Characterizing the Golden age of microbiology 1857-1914
rapid advances in science of microbiology many disease agents were isolated |
Pasteur and Koch era
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Germ Theory of Disease
1. spoilage of wine-fermentation, pasteurization |
Louis Pasteur
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Germ Theory of Disease
1. Instituted the first use of antiseptics to reduce hand-born disease. 2. drastically decreased childbirth death by introducung antiseptic technique 3. demonstrated that childbed fever was contagious and could be transmitted from a physician to a patient. |
Philipp Ignaz Semmelweiz
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Demonstrates that yeast can degrade sugar to ethanol and carbon dioxide as they multiply.
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Pasteur
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1. Use of disinfectants in order to control infections in humans
2. Published the first work on antiseptic surgery, beginning the trend towards modern aseptic techniques in medicine. |
Joseph Lister
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Introduced a vaccination procedure for smallpox. 1796
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Edward Jenner
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1. Demonstrates the epdemic spread of cholera through a water supply contaminated with human sewage.
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John Snow
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1. Demonstrates that anthrax is caused by a bacterium.
2. Introduced the use of pure culture techniques for handling bacteria in a laboratory. 3.Identified the causative agent of TB. 4. proved microorganisms caused disease, by the use of 4 postulates. |
Robert Koch
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Introduced agar-agar as a solidifying gel for culture media.
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Walter and Fanny Hesse
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Discovered that avirilent bacteria could be used as a a vaccine for fowl cholera, coined "vaccine".
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Louis Pasteur
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Developed the first Polio vaccine
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Jonas Salk
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Discovers phagocytic cells and their role in engulfing bacteria.
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Elie Metch-ni-koff
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Published a paper describing the Gram stain.
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Christian Gram
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Discovers the tobacco mosaic disease is caused by a filtrable agent-a virus.
demonstrated a tobacco plant pathogen can pass through filters-> virus. |
Dmitri Iwan-ow-ski
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Introduced an arsenic compound called salvarasan to treat syphilis and coined term "chemotherapy".
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Paul Ehr-lick
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Discovered that virus' can cause cancer in chickens
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F. Peyton Rous
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Discovers genetic transformation in bacterium thereby raising a key question in genetics: What chemical caused the transformation?
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Frederick Griffith
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Discovers and describes the properties of the first antibiotic, penicillin.
Observed that mold Penecillium inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. |
Alexander Fleming
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Discovered antibiotic, streptomycin
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Selman Waksman
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Proposed an immunilogically based classification system for streptococci, classifying them as serotypes.
Based groupings on the carbohydrate composition of the cell wall. A -> E. Most of them belong in A & B. |
Rebecca Lansfield
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Showed the organism called tobacco mosaic virus was so simple and homogenous it could be crystallized. 1935
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Wendell Stanley
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Discovered conjugation in bacteria
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Joshua Lederberg and E.T. Tatum
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Determined the structure of DNA
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James Watson, Francis Crick, Rosalind Franklin, Maurice Wilkins
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Isolated HIV
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Luc Montagnier of France
Robert Gallo of USA |
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Classifies all organisms into 3 domains
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Carl Woese
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Suggested a protien from a slow disease infection that might direct its own replication be termed a prion.
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Stanley Prusiner
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Demonstrated that the bacterium, Helicobacter pylori cause stomach ulcers
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Barry Marshall
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Invented the Polymerase chain reaction PMCR
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Kary Mullis
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finished the human genome project
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Craig Venter
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demonstrate that malaria is transmitted by the bite of female mosquitos
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Ross and Grassi
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Independantly discovered bacterial viruses
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Twort and D'Herelle
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Discovered conjugation in bacteria
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Lederburg and Tatum
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Discovers the first serologic test for syphilis
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August Wasserman
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Developed commercial methods for producing and purifying penicillin; this first antibiotic is tested and put into widespread use.
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Howard Florey and Ernst Chain
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