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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Margaret Higgins Sanger
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Crusader for birth control (1879-1966)
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Side effects of the pill
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Blood clots, increased depression, nausea, increased risk of liver cancer
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Advantages of the pill
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100% effective, reduces cramps, doesn't interfere with intercourse
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Disadvantages of the pill
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Cost is high, no STD protection, responsibility
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Triphasic pill
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Contains a steady level of estrogen and three phases of progesterone, intended to mimic more closely women's natural hormonal cycles
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Patch advantages
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Last for seven days so women dont have to change it so often. Hormones absorbed through the skin
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Vaginal Ring
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Placed every 21 days with 7 free days
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Emergency contraception
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Best taken in 12 to 24 hours after intercourse and cannot be delayed longer than 120 hours
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Depo-Provera
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Injection that can be taken every 3 months. Cannot become pregnant for 6-12 months after use ceases
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Intrauterine device (IUD)
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Inserted into the uterus by a doctor where it stays there. Distrupts ovalution. Extremely effective.
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Diaphragm
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Circular, dome shaped piece of rubber that fits inside a woman's vagina over the cervix
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Cervical cap
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Similar to the diaphragm but can be left in for 48 hours. Should be taken out b/c of odors or toxic shock syndrome
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Douching
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Flushing vagina with a liquid
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Withdrawal
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Ejaculate outside the woman's vagina
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Rhythm (fertility awareness) methods
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A method of birth control that involves abstaining from intercourse around the time the woman ovulates
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Calendar method
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A type of rhythm method of birth control in which the woman determines when she ovulates by keeping a calendar record of the length of her menstrual cycles
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Basal Body Temperature Method
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A type of rhythm method of birth control in which the woman determines when she ovulates by keeping track of her temperature
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Cervical mucus method
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Method in which the woman determines when she ovulates by checking her cervical mucus
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Sympto-thermal method
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Method of birth control combining the basal body temperature method and the cervical mucus method
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Sterilization
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A surgical procedure by which an individual is made sterile, that is, incapable of reproducing
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Vasectomy
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A surgical procedure for male sterilization involving severing of the vas deferens.
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Minilaparotomy
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A method of female sterilization in which a small incision is made in the abdomen
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Erotophobes
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People who feel guilty and fearful about sex
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Erotophiles
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People who feel comfortable with sex
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Vacuum aspiration
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A method of abortion that is performed during the first trimester and involves suctioning out the contents of the uterus
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Hysterotomy
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Surgical method of abortion
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Mifepristone
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Can induce a very early abortion
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Methotrexate
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Another alt in drug-induced early abortion
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Vasocongestion
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An accumulation of blood in the blood vessels of a region of the body, especially the gentinals; a swelling or erection results
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Myotonia
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Muscle contraction throughout the body
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Excitement phase
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first phase during which erection and lubrication occur
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Plateau phase
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Second phase, just before orgasm
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Orgasmic platform
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A tightening of the entrance to the vagina caused by contractions of some muscle
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Orgasm phase
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The third stage of sexual response; an intense sensation that occurs at the peak of sexual arousal and is followed by release of sexual tensions.
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Resolution
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The fourth stage of sexual response, in which the body returns to the unaroused state
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Refractory period
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phase in which males cannot be sexually aroused
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Triphasic model
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Kaplan's model of sexual response in which there are three phases: vascongestion, muscular contractions, and sexual desire
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Retrograde ejactulation
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The ejaculate goes into the bladder instead of out the penis
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G-Spot
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Hypothesized small region on the front wall of the vagina, emptying into the urethra
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Menstrual synchrony
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The convergence, over several months, of the dates of onset of menstrual periods among women who are in close contact with each other
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Pheromones
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Biochemicals secreted outside the body that are important in communication between animals and that may serve as sex attractants
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Organizing effects of hormones
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Effects of sex hormones early in development, resulting in a permanent change in the brain or reproductive system
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Activating effects of hormones
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Effects of sex hormones in adulthood, resulting in the activation of behavoirs, especially sexual behaviors and aggressive behaviors.
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Autoeroticism
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Sexual self-stimulation; for example, masturbation
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Erogenous zones
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Areas of the body that are particularly sensitive to sexual stimulation
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Who made the 4 phase model of sexual arousal?
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Masters and Johnson
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Who made the 3 phase model of sexual arousal?
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Dr. Helen Kaplan
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Limbic system
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A set of structures in the interior of the brain, including the amygdala, hippocampus, and fornix; believed to be important for sexual behavior in both animals and humans
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Tubal ligation
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Cut tubes in female. Can be reversed. May cause severe bleeding.
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Dilation and Evacuation
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Can be peformed up to 13-16 weeks. Similar to vacuum aspiration.
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Induction
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Abortion method. Can be performed up to 24 weeks. Saline or Prostaglandin induced.
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Drug induction
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Abortion method. Can be performed up to 7 weeks. Uses Mifiprestone or Methotrexate
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Central arousal system
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Internal referring to the phenomenon of the mind. Fantasies, pleasure
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Peripheral arousal system
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External. Direct touching of the body or sex organs by someone considered sexy. Relates to stimulation of genitals
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Coolidge effect
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phenomonena seen in nearly every species that it has been tested in whereby males show continuously high sexual performance given the introduction of new receptive females
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Chlamydia
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Chlamydia trachomatis bacterium. the symptoms in males area thin, clear discharge and mild pain or urination; Femals are frequently asymptomatic
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Genital Warts
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caused by HPV. cauliflower-like warts appearing on the genitals
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Genital Herpes
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disease of the genital organs caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Symptoms are small, painful blisters
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Syphilis
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Bacteria, Treponema pallidum. Causes a chancre to appear in the primary stage
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Gonorrhea
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Bacteria, Neisseria gonorrhoeae. a sexually transmitted disease that usually causes symptoms of a pus-like discharge and painful, burning urination in the male but is frequently asymptomatic in the female
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Trichomoniasis
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Protozoan, Trichomonas vaginalis. For women, symptom is a frothy white or yellow vaginal discharge that irritates the vulva and smells bad
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Moniliasis
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caused by fungus, Candida. AKA yeast infection. A form of vaginitis causing a thick, white discharge;
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Hepatitis B
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cause by Hep B Virus (HBV). Disease of the liver. Symptoms are acute illness caused by the virus include liver inflammation, vomiting, jaundice, and rarely, death. Chronic hepatitis B may cause liver cirrhosis which may then lead to liver cancer.
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Health belief model
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Perceived susceptibility (an individual's assessment of their risk of getting the condition)
Perceived severity (an individual's assessment of the seriousness of the condition, and its potential consequences) Perceived barriers (an individual's assessment of the influences that facilitate or discourage adoption of the promoted behavior) Perceived benefits (an individual's assessment of the positive consequences of adopting the behavior). Two constructs were later addded: Perceived efficacy (an individual's self-assessment of ability to successfully adopt the desired |
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Missionary (man on top)
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Best for ensuring conception. Not good if she is pregnant or both partners are obese. Not good for controlling ejaculation
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Woman-on-top
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Provides lots of clitoral stimulation. Good for delaying ejaculation or man is tired. Used for sex therapy.
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Rear entry
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The mans hands are free to stimulate the clitoris. A small amount of air may enter making noises when it comes out
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Side to Side
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May feel numb after a while. good for leisurely or prolonged sex. Good for pregnancy and obese.
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4 stages of syphilis
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Primary-stage - chancre
Secondary stage - body rash Latent syphils - may last for years, no symptoms Late syphilis - 10 to 40 years, blood vessels are attacked |
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Initial infection
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1st stage of AIDS. 3-6 weeks after exposure. headaches, muscle aches, sore throat, fever, persists for 7-21 days
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Latency/Asymptomatic period
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2nd stage of AIDS. lasts 7-9 years, can infect others
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HIV Sickness
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Third stage of AIDS. big lymph nodes, diarrhea, persistant cough, weight loss
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Full Blown AIDS
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4th stage. oppurtunistic infections, tuberculosis, dementia, seizures
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Window period
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period between infection and antibodies for AIDS, about 3 months
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When is the earliest you can test for AIDS?
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After 15-16 days you can test for antegens
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ELISA
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first HIV test, easy, cheap, less accurate
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Western Blot
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more expensive, highly accurate HIV test
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Why Women are at risk
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1. Culturally subordinate
2. Commonly use drug apparatus after their male partners 3. condoms are used less 4. Survival sex 5. Semen deposited inside vagina 6. menstration 7. use of contraceptive uterus/vagina lining |
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High risk behaviors
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1. Anal intercourse
2. Other stds 3. Alcohol 4. IV drug 5. Ass to Mouth 6. Genital legions 7. Semen in the mouth 8. Infected mother |
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Transmission of the Disease
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1. Sex
2. Blood transfusion 3. Hypodermic needle 4. From infected mother |
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How AIDS attacks the body
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AIDS attacks specialized cells called T-Cells. When there are less than 200 you have AIDS
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Norplant
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form of birth control. Six silicon pills are implanted in the arm and work up to 5 years
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Chlamydia treatment and prevention
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Azithromycin or doxycycline; does not respond to penicillin. No vaccine, best method is screening or condoms
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Genital warts treatment
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acid applied directly to warts. Liquid nitrogen to freeze them off.
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Genital Herpes treatment
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No cure. Vlacyclovir and famciclovir are new drugs that suppress symptoms better
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Gonorrhea treatment
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Large dose of penicillin or tetracycline. However, strains are resistent and now must be treated w/ ceftriaxone
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Syphilis treatment
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Penicillin.
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Trichomoniasis treatment
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Flagyl taken orally
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Monilia treatment
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some drugs
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Chlamydia infections in women
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Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and possibly infertility due to scarring. Low birth weight for babies. Babies may have pneumonia or an eye infection when born
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