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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Show CDP Neighbor detail
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Device name
IP Address Platform Interface |
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Show VLAN/show vlan brief
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Lists VLAN # Name Status Ports
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Show VTP status
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VTP OPERATING MODE| AUDIT LOG| CONFIG REVISION
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Show Spanning-Tree
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q
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Show Mac-Address-table
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q
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Show Interface trunk
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Lists Port# Encapsulation STATUS Mode
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Show Commands Mnemonic
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Southern - Sh Spanning-Tree
Vermont - Sh VLAN Means - Sh Mac-Address-Table Its - Sh Int Trunk Very - Sh VTP Status Cold - Sh CDP neighbor detail |
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NAT
WAN |
to know
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Wildcard Mask Shortcut
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INCREMENT - 1
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EIGRP METRIC
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Bandwidth
Delay |
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Configuring EIGRP
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Router(config)# Router eigrp [AS#]*
*AS# must be same on all routers Router(config-router)#network [network] Router(config-router)#no auto-sum |
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EIGRP Route status
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Passive ''P'' Good (route is working)
Active "A" Bad (search. for good route) |
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EIGRP
Routes 2 types |
Successor (Primary) Route
(stored in Topology and Routing) Feasible (Backup) Successor Route ''next best'' (Topology table) |
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EIGRP
Speed |
Fast Converge
VLSM |
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OSPF
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Vendor neutral
Link State SPF Algorithm |
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OSPF facts
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Router ID = # by which router is known
Highest IP of any active loopback good = default If no loopback interface = Highest IP address on active int. at the moment when OSPF process started Hierarchical |
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LSA used
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Link State Advertisements
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OSPF cost calculation
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100,000,000/Bandwidth in BPS
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Frame Relay = LMI
what are 3 types? |
1) Cisco (*default*)
2) ANSI 3) Q933a |
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Frame Relay encapsulation
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IETF (Open Std)
Cisco (default) |
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What do Sub-intfs correct?
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Resolve Split Horizon Issue
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Frame Relay
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include BROADCAST command to allow ROUTING in Frame Relay
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What do Classful Routing Protocols do?
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"- summarize networks to their major network boundaries (A, B, or C).
- Do not carry subnet mask info in their routing table updates." |
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What are 2 Classful routing protocols?
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RIPv1 and IGRP
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what 2 environments CANT Classful routing protocols adapt in?
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"- discontigous networks
- VLSM networks" |
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What are 4 Classless routing protocols?
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"RIPv2
EIGRP OSPF BGP" |
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what are the 2 ways RIPv2 prevents routing loops?
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"- split horizon
- measures of hold-down timers" |
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How does RIPv2 get send out its routing table updates?
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multicasts its updates using the multicast address 224.0.0.9
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what are the 6 metrics of EIGRP?
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"-Hops
-Load -Bandwidth -Reliability -Delay -MTU" |
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what are routing table updates sent on EIGRP?
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only when changes have been made on the network, not periodic.
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When routing table updates are sent in EIGRP, What is included in the update?
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only routes that have changed are sent
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When routing table updates are sent in EIGRP, Who is included in the update?
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only to the routers that need to learn the updates.
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"what is the first step to configure EIGRP?
(also include command)" |
"You have to turn on the EIGRP process
command: router#router eigrp [proess-id]" |
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Give the command to configure EIGRP.
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"router(config)#router eigrp 1
(config-router)#no auto-sum router(config)#network 192.168.20.0 router(config)#network 172.16.0.0" |
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what does EIGRP stand for?
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Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
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what does OSPF stand for?
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Open Shortest Path First
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What kind of routing protocol is OSPF
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Link-State Protocol
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What are 3 supported benifits offered by OSPF
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"- classless routing
- VLSM support - Authentication" |
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What is an "area"?
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the portion of a network within which LSAs are contained
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what is "cost" when refering to OSPF?
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"OSPFs default metric
Cost = (10^8 / bandwidth of the link)" |
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What is the Link speed and Default Cost of T1?
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"Speed: 1.544Mbps
Cost: 64" |
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What is the Link speed and Default Cost of E1?
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"Speed: 2.048Mbps
Cost: 48" |
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what is the purpose of a Backup Designated Routers?
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to take over if Designated Routers fails
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How is a DR elected?
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"via the Hello process
(Hello packets contain an OSPF router ID)" |
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what are the 3 OSPF router ID options when electing a DR?
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"- highest IP address configured on a loopback interface
- highest IP address on an active physical interface - the ID set using the ""ospf router-id [ip address]"" command" |
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what algorithm does OSPF use to find shortest path first?
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Dijkstra's Shortest Path First Algorithm
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what is the commands to configure a single-area OSPF?
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"(config)#router ospf 1
(config-router)#network 172.20.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0 (config-router)#exit" |
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How does the Distance-Vector Routing Protocol work?
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Periodically broadcasts entire routing table to neighbor routers
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How does the Link-State Routing Protocol work?
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mulitcast links to all routers in the autonomous system on startup and all other routing table updates contain only updated routers.
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what is a Hold-Down Timer?
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stops routing loops by allowing router to place route in a state where it ill not accept any changes to that router.
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what is Split Horizon?
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"- prevent routing loops
- router will not send updates for a route via an interface from which it originally received knowledge of that route." |
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what is the command to view the routing tables
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show ip route
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Is it better to have a Higher or Lower Administrative Distance?
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Lower the number, the more reliable
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what is the default metrics for IGRP?
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Bandwidth and Delay
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what are the 6 metrics for IGRP?
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- hop
- load - bandwidth - reliability - delay - MTU |
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What are 3 benefits of a Static Route configuration?
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- Less Bandwidth
- Less Memory - Less CPU resources |
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Provide the layout of the static route command.
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ip route [destination network address] [destination subnet mask] [ip address of next hot interface] [administrative distance]
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What algorithm does OSPF use to calculate metric?
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Dijkstra SPF algorithm
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how is it determined which non-root bridge with the same cost to the root bridge will be the "designated port" if the two non-root switches are connected together?
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Switch with the lowest BID will get the designated port.
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port transition from blocking to forwarding state time?
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30-50 secs.
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