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146 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Anatomical Position
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Standing upright with arms and palms out.
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Axial Skeleton
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Trunk,spine, head, pelvis, Ribs
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Extremities
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Arms and legs
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Median Sagittal Plane
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Body split right and left halves
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Coronal Plane
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Body split in half front and back
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Horizontal plane
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Top and Bottom Plane
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Through the waist
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Oblique Plane
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Any plane at an angle
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Anterior
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Front
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Posterior
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Back
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Ventral
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Front
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Dorsal
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Back
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Think "fish"
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Superior
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Top
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Think "on top"
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Inferior
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Bottom
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Cephalad (Cephalic)
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Head
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Caudad (Caudal)
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Below - toward the feet
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Medial
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Toward Middle
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Lateral
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Away
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Proximal
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Close
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Distal
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Far
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Think "distance"
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Submento-Vertical (SMV)
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From the chin to the head
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Verico-Submental (VSM)
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From the head to the chin
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Palmer
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Palm
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Plantar
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Sole of the foot
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Vertical
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Up and down
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Horizontal
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Flat
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Internal
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Inside
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External
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Outside
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Longitudinal
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Long Axis
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Transverse
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Right Angle to Long Axis
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Supinate
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Palm of hand turned up
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Think "hold a bowl of soup"
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Pronate
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Palm of hand turned down
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Evert
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To turn the part outward
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Invert
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To turn the part inward
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Extension
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To straighten
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Flexion
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To Bend
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Abduct
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To move the part away from the midline of the body
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Think take away
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Adduct
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To move the part toward the midline of the body
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Rotate
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To turn along one axis
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Turn head
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Recumbent
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Lying down
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Think retire
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Supine
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Lying on the back
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Think (spine)
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Prone
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Lying on the stomach
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Decubitus
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horizontal x-ray beam
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Fowler's
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Lying down with the head raised and feet lowered
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Trendelenburg Position
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Lying down with the head lower and the feet raised
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Opposite of Fowlers
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RAO
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Right Anterior Oblique Position
Right front closest to the film |
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LAO
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Left Anterior Oblique Position
Left front closest to the film |
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RPO
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Right Posterior Oblique position
Right back closest to the film |
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LPO
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Left Posterior Oblique position
Left back closest to the film |
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What is Projections
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Describes the path of the central ray (CR) as it exitsthe X-ray tube, goes through the body to the image receptor (IR).
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AP Projection
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When the central ray enters the front (anterior) surface of the body and exits through the back (Posterior) surface
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Patient will be lying on his back
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PA projection
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When the central ray enters the back (Posterior) surface and exits through the front (Anterior) surface.
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Patient will be lying on his stomach
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Lateral Projection
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a perpendicular central ray enters one side of the body or body part, passes transversly along the coronal plane, and exits on the opposite side.
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Oblique Projection
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Central ray enters the body or body part from a side angle following an oblique plane.
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Axial projection
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Along the axis of a part. The ray is angled.
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Tangential projection
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Touching a curved surface at a single point.
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Think "tangent"
Hits a curved surface - usually when doing head shots. |
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(SID)
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Source to image distance
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Collimator
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Adjusts size of beam (focus)
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(CR)
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Central Ray
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Remnant Radiation
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Passes through the body and produces image.
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mA
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milliamperage
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mAs
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Milliamperage seconds
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kVp
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kilovoltage peak
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Discovered X-Rays 11/08/1895
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Wilhelm Roetgen
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First x-Ray Image
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Roetgen's wifes hand
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Radiology
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Deals with radioactive substances for diagnosis and healing
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Radiography
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Making radiographs
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Radiologist
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The physician who interprets radiographs.
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RT
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Registered Technologist
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R
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Radiographer
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CT
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Computed Tomography
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Analgesics
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Relieve pain without loss of consciousness.
Non-Narcotic - asprin Narcotic - morphine |
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Anti Coagulants
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Inhibit blood clotting
Coumadin - oral Hepprin - IV only |
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Emetic
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Causes vomiting
Epicak |
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Anti Emetic
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prevents vomiting
Composine |
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Diuretic
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increases urination
Lasix |
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Vasoconstrictors
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constrict blood vessels
Levophed |
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Five rights of drug administration ?
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Right drug, amount,patient,time,route
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Routes of drug administration ?
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oral, sublingual, topical, parenteral, injection
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Types of injections ?
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Intravenous, Intramuscular, subcutanious
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Crookes Tube
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Early cathode tube invented by William Crooke
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George Eastman
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1884 - Produced rolled paper film
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R.L. Maddox
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1871 - produced Silver Bromide (film coating)
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1901 Nobel Prize
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Roentgens Paper "New Kind Of Rays"
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Clarence Daily
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Edisons assistant who died from radiation exposure.
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Thomas Edison
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Experimented with Fluoroscopy
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The Curies and Henery Bacquel
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1903 Nobel prize for work with radium.
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MRI
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Bolus
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concentrated mass of pharmaceutical preperation
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Coagulation
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blood clotting
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Contraindication
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a condition that renders treatment undesirable
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Edema
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Large amonts of fluid in the tissues
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Hematoma
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collection of blood in the tissue
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Parenteral
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Nourishment by IV
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Shock
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profound hypotension
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Venipuncture
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punctue a vein
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ASRT
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American Society of Radiologic Technologists
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Ethics
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Based on individual conceptions of right and wrong.
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Tort
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Legal filing to recover damages
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Assault
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Threat of harm and victim believes it.
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Slander
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Oral defamation
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Libal
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Written defamation
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IPSA Loquitur
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Self evident negligent situation.
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Respondant Superior
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Employer is responsible for employee.
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ALARA
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As Low As Reasonably Achievable
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R Room
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Radiography Room
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R/F Room
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Radiography / Fluoroscopy Room
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Fluorosciopy
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Dynamic realtime imaging of structures in motion.
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mAs controls what ?
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Quanity of x-rays
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KVp
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Kilovolts peak
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KVp controls what?
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Quality of x-rays
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Three types of energy produced by a cathode ray tube ?
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Thermal, kinetic, radiant
(heat, moving protons, x-rays) |
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Percent of heat energy from an x-ray tube ?
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99.4% heat .6% x-rays
Not very efficient |
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Collimator
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x-ray limiting device
Lead shutters control size and shape of the beam. |
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PBL
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Positive Beam limitation
Adjusts light field to the size of the cassette. |
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Bucky Tray
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Holds x-ray cassette
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Technique
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Adjusting KVp, mA, sec
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Normal KVp range
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70 KVp - 120 KVp
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Maximum KVp range ?
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30 Kvp - 150 Kvp
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The main power switch produces x-rays ?
True or false |
False
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kilo = ?
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1000
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Milli =
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.001 or 1/1000
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Termination of exposure should be indicated both ________ and________ .
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audibly and visibly
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First X- Ray
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Roentgen's wifes hand
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Radiologist
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Doctor who interprets radiographs
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Fluid escape into surrounding tissue.
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Extravasation
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Nourishment by IV ?
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Parenteral
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CHF
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Congestive Heart failure
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CS
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Central Supply
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Hx
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History
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OP
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Out Patient
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PID
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Pelvic Inflamatory Disease
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p/o
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Post Operative
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prn
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As needed
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pt
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patient
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Sx
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Symptoms
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TIA
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Transient Ischemic Attack
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TID
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Three times Daily
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TKO
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To keep open
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TPR
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Temperature, Pulse, Respiration
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RSNA
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Radiological Society of North America
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JCAHO
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Joint Commission for Accreditation Of Healthcare Organizations
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JRCERT
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Joint Review Commitee on Education in Radiologic Technology
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NCRP
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National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement
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RDMS
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Registered Diagnostic Medical Sonographer.
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REM
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Radiation Equivalent Man
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Types Of Shielding
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Flat, Shaped, Shadow
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