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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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State |
Political power over a designated geographic area. |
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Nation |
Human community with shared culture and history. |
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Governments |
Group of individuals who occupy political office. |
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Regimes |
Guidelines that control political power. |
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Countries |
State, government, people, and regimes who live within a political system. |
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Legitimacy |
Psychological view that government has the right to rule. |
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Traditional legitimacy |
Believing someone has the right to rule because it has always been that way. |
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Charismatic legitimacy |
Believing a leader has the right to rule because they have a good personality |
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Rational-legal legitimacy |
Believing someone has the right to rule because of widely accepted laws and procedures. |
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Sovereignty |
State's ability to control what happens in their borders. |
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Confederal government |
States hold all of the power.
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Federal government |
States and central government both have power that is balanced. |
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Unitary government |
All authority comes from the central government. |
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Political cleavages |
Factors that divide people |
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Cross-cutting cleavages |
Divisions that do not overlap. |
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Coinciding cleavages |
Divisions that combine (ex. this religion is rich, this race is poor) |
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Civil society |
Ability of people to influence society without control of the state. |
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Pluralism |
Many groups competing to influence government policy. |
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Corporatism |
Government incorporating interest groups as a way to get support for policies. Do not support groups that do not support them. |
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Market |
Interaction between supply and demand. |
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Public goods |
Things that society needs but aren't easily provided by the market. |
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Social expenditures |
State providing public benefits (ex. health care) |
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Gross Domestic Product (GDP) |
Most popular way to measure the size of economy. |
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Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) |
Estimating the value of goods in countries. |
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GDP per capita |
Measuring the GDP by total population. |
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Gini index |
Way to measure economic inequality. |
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Inflation |
When prices rise and the value of money drops. |
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Economic liberalization |
Process of government having less control over the economy. |
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Communism |
System of government with a goal of economic equality. |
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Welfare state |
Government provides support to citizens. |
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Rentier states |
The government gets a portion of revenue from renting land out. |
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Dependency theory |
Believes that former colonial rule makes true independence impossible. |
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Presidential system |
The voters select the President and Legislature. |
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Parliamentary system |
Voters only elect the Legislature and the Chief Executive is chosen by the Leg. |
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Command economies |
Government makes economic decisions. |
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Devolution |
When the national government grants more power to the states. |
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Bicameral legislature |
Two houses |
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Unicameral legislature |
One house |
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Coup |
Change in a government leader brought on by a small group (ex. military leader) |
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Grassroots movement |
When ordinary citizens push for reform. |
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Causation |
When one change causes another change. |
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Correlation |
An apparent connection between variables, but not necessarily causes |
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Empirical statement |
Verifiable fact. |
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Normative statement |
Not a fact but a judgement on what should be based on values. |
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Cooptation |
When members of the public are brought into a beneficial relationship with the state and government. |
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Corporatism |
When large interest groups control a state or government. |
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Clientelism |
When the state rewards its supporters. |
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Rent-Seeking |
When the state rewards its supporters with political positions. |
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Pluralism |
When many groups participate in policymaking. |
