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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where was Anita O'Day born |
She was born in Kansas City Missouri during the Great Depression to Irish parents |
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When did Anita O'Day leave her home |
She left her home at the age of 14 and toward the Midwest as a marathon dance contestant |
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As a vocalist, who was Anita O'Day influenced by |
Shoes influenced by Mildred Bailey, Ella Fitzgerald and Billie Holiday |
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How did Anita O'Day start out |
She started out as a big band singer with Gene krupa's Orchestra |
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What rank Anita O'Day among the pioneers of Bebop |
Her skills and improv of Rhythm and Melody |
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What is Anita O'Day style characterized by |
Short notes and rhythmic drive |
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What were Sarah Vaughn's nickname |
Sassy and the Divine one |
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How many Grammys did Sarah Vaughan win |
She won four Grammys in her lifetime |
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How did Sarah Vaughan get started |
she won a competition at the Apollo theater in NY singing body and soul and 18, 1 $10 and a week's engagement at the Apollo opening for Ella Fitzgerald |
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Who was Sarah Vaughan hired by |
Earl Hines in 1943 |
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Who did Sarah Vaughan share the stage with and Hines big Band |
Charlie Parker, dizzy Gillespie singing and playing piano |
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How long was Sarah Vaughan solo career |
Started in 1945 and ended in 1989 |
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Sarah Vaughan had a phenomenal technique known for what |
Scatting and internalizing the language of Bebop |
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Where was Oscar Peterson born |
Born in Montreal to a poor family of West Indian descent |
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Who was Oscar Peterson trained by |
He was classically trained by Paul demarquis whose teacher was a pupil of franz liszt |
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What is Oscar Peterson regarded as |
One of the best jazz pianists of all time, he blended many styles such as swing Bebop and the Blues |
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How did Oscar Peterson refined the Jazz trio |
He brought musicianship of all three members to the highest level using net Cole in art Tatum's trios as models |
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What did Oscar Peterson lead |
He led a racially integrated trio in the 1950s the sold-out concerts across the US, Europe and Japan |
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What were some prominent people that Oscar Peterson recorded with |
Lester Young, Ella Fitzgerald, Louis Armstrong, Billie Holiday and Count Basie |
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When big bands added Bob styling, they were labeled as what |
Progressive |
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What did Billy eckstine band feature |
Featured many up-and-coming bop players in New York, and singer Sarah Vaughan |
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Eckstine was also what |
An excellent singer but lacked recording is due to the record band of the mid-forties |
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What was Norman granz |
He was an empresario, manager and producer |
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What is an impresario |
A person who organizes or manages public entertainment including concerts |
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Granz was the founder of what |
The Jazz at the philharmonic |
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What was Jazz at the philharmonic |
The concert series that promoted the top jazz artists in the 1940s and 1950s, mostly from the swing era |
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Important elements of jatp |
Jam session styles that brought musicians together who may not otherwise play together, and competitive nature to that jazz session Style it was also a desegregated setting for the audience and the band members and if the studio didn't follow his moral standards than granz wouldn't hesitate to cancel performances |
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What was an additional important element to the jatp |
Artist contracts: Jazz musicians loved granz because they were respected and paid well |
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What is a triumph of Norman Granz |
he was a self-made man who was born to a poor family it worked his whole life to build his career and died a wealthy man He took personal and financial risks for the music and musicians he loved |
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How much money did Norman Granz borrow for the first jatp show he put on |
$300 |
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What is a manager |
Individual or company who guides the professional career of artists in the entertainment industry |
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Granz devoted a large part of his professional efforts to what |
Managing specific artist |
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Who were 3 of granz major client |
Ella Fitzgerald, Oscar Peterson, and Duke Ellington, |
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What did granz do for them? |
He advocated for them, especially when racial issues were a concern |
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Granz created and developed unique opportunities for who |
The artists he managed Booking his jatp troupe internationally in Japan and Europe as early as 1953 |
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What does a producer do |
An individual whose job is to oversee and manage the recording of an artists music |
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Granz was responsible for guiding artists in some of their most important recording projects...such as... |
>Collaborations: Louis Armstrong and Oscar Peterson >Live concert albums >Long playing albums -----> first done with Fred Astaire >Songbook albums >Orchestral work ------>Charlie Parker with strings |
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Who was thelonious monk |
A talented and important pianist which was not really recognized |
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Who did thelonious Monk play with |
He played piano with Charlie Parker and dizzy Gillespie |
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When were his first recordings |
1947 |
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When did he lose his cabaret card |
In the 1950s and it forced him his loss of ability to play in New York clubs |
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What did Monk write |
Important and original tunes that remain part of the jazz canon |
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Who was Charlie Parker |
A man who wrote many important Jazz standards Billie bounce, orthinology, confirmation |
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Parker had what kind of personality |
Self destructive personality that cut his career short at 35 years old |
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Parker had a lasting legacy of what |
As the father of modern saxophone playing |
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Who did Parker transcribe |
He transcribed Lester young |
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Who was dizzy Gillespie |
A trumpeter |
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Who was Gillespie inspired by |
Roy eldridge |
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What note style did Gillespie have |
A fiery high note style |
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What technique did Gillespie have |
A virtuoso technique |
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What did Gillespie compose |
Numerous jazz standards Ex: a night in Tunisia |
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Who did Gillespie play opposite of |
He played opposite of Charlie parker |
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What was Gillespies character |
Exuberant, numerous stage presance |
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What was Gillespie known for |
His pouched cheeks |
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Most important innovators |
Dizzy Gillespie,trumpet Charlie Parker, Alto sax Thelonious Monk, piano Bud Powell, piano Kenny Clarke, drums Max roach, drums Jj Johnson, trombone |
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Nate king Cole had what in late 30s-40s |
Had trio |
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What did Nat Cole do in 50s |
Abandoned trio and backed by big band orchestra |
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Vocalists we're really popular when |
In 40s |
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Nat king Cole recorded duets with who |
Ella Fitzgerald, Louis Armstrong, befriended Frank sinatra |
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Cole made history when and how |
In 1956 he hosted his own show, the Nat king Cole show It featured many leading performers First black to host varriety tv series |
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When did Cole act in movies |
40s and 50s |
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Frank Sinatra was born to who |
Italian immigrants in hoboken, new jersey |
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Sinatra began his career in... |
The swing era with bandleaders Harry James, and Tommy dorsey |
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Sinatra found success as... |
Solo artists after signing w/ Columbia records in 1943 |
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Sinatra introduced many what |
Songs that became American songbook standards |
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Who was the main idol of the Bobby soxers generation |
Sinatra |
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Sinatra Influenced by |
Phrasing of Lester young |
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Sinatra began acting in movies in... |
The fourties |
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Sinatra released first album in |
1946 |
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Sinatra was frequent collaborated with |
Count basie and his orchestra |
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In late 50s Sinatra became known for |
Best performer of the rat pack |
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Sinatra's musical innovation |
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Nat Cole played piano starting at age... |
4. He learned from his mother who was a church chair director in Chicago; his father was Baptist preacher |
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Cole studied... |
Classical music during his teens, dropped out of school to be a jazz pianist at age 15 |
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Cole joined who |
His brother Eddie Cole and first recorded in 1936 |
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Cole put together a trio consisting of |
Piano, bass and guitar that became known as the King Cole trio in 1937 Toured extensively and began to have hits in mid 40s |
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Shift to bop |
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Bop changes |
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Bop arranging |
Complex melodies played in unison One chorus of Melody followed by solos and return to unison melody |
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Musical expansion |
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Controfacts |
A new melody written over existing chord progression |
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Bop rhythm section |
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Charlie parker |
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