Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Introduction to Land Law
|
Distinction between real property and personal property.
The notion of title : - absolute ownership - relativity of title Derivative title contrasted with possessory title arising by virtue of the Statue of LImitations 1957 |
|
Estates
|
Ownership of land :
Abolition of feudal tenure : LCLRA 2009 s 9(2) Freehold estates : - Fee simple : LCLRA 2009 s11(2) -- emergence of the fee simple estate -- rights of the state : Succession Act 1965 s73(1); LCLRA 2009 s9(3)(a) -- freedom of alienation : LCLRA 2009 s9(4) -- fee simple absolute -- modified estates --- determinable fee : LCLRA 2009 s11(2)(a) --- conditional fee : LCLRA 2009 s11(2)(b) - Fee farm grant : LCLRA s12 -- the creation of these is banned : LCLRA 2009 s12(1) -- not retrospective : LCLRA 2009 s12(5),(6) --- feudal --- conversion grants --- deasy's act grants --- rentcharges - Hybrid Interests : LCLRA 2009 s12 -- ban on creation -- lease for lives renewable forever -- lease for life or lives -- lease for lives combined with a term of years - Fee tail : LCLRA 2009 s13 -- ban on creation -- will be seen as a fee simple -Life estate : LCLRA 2009, s11(6) -- exists in equity only Leasehold estates : LCLRA 2009 s11(1) Traditional definition : - term certain - periodic tenancy - tenancy at will - tenancy at sufferance Modern definition - LCLRA 2009 s11(3) |
|
Equity
|
The Union of Judicature
The Fusion Fallacy Estates in equity : - bare trust - special trust Nature of equitable interests : - proprietary rights v personal rights - discretionary - "equity will not assist a volunteer" - equity's darling (BFPLEFVWN) The doctrine of notice : - LCLRA 2009 s86 - actual notice - constructive notice - imputed notice Overreaching of equitable interests : - LCLRA 2009, s21 Equitable interests and mere equities Registration - Registration of title -- Registration of Title Act 1964 - Registration of deeds -- Registration of Deeds and Title Act 2006 s38 |
|
Registration of Title
|
Registration of Title Act 1964
Registration of Deeds and Title Act 2006 1964 Act - compulsory registration : s23-25 -- land purchase acts -- acquisition of statutory authority -- designated as a compulsory registration area - registers : s8 (types), 31 (conclusive nature), 32 (restification) -- register of ownership of freehold land -- register of ownership of leasehold interests - register of land comprising incorporeal hereditaments held in gross Folio : - land - proprietorship - incumberances Maps : - s 84-89 Co-ownership : - s 91 Trusts : - s92 - kept off the register - s37(4) and s44(4) - registration as owner does not affect the duties of the trustee Settled land : - registration : s27 - collective vesting : s37(2), 44(2) - entry of names of trustees : s99(1) Classes of freehold title - s33 - absolute : s37 - qualified : s39 - possessory : s38 Classes of leasehold title : -s 40 - absolute : s44 - qualified : s47 - possessory : s46 - good leasehold : s45 Elevation of classification : s50 Adverse possession : s49 Transmission of registered land : s51, 52, 55, 123 (no need for words of limitation) Registered burdnes : - s69 - priority : s74 Overriding interests : s72 Cautions and inhibitions : s97, 98 Unregistered rights in registered land : s68 |
|
Co-ownership
|
Joint Tenancy
- Succession Act 1965 s4(c) Tenancy in Common Creation of a joint tenancy / tenancy in common - common law favours joint tenancies while equity likes tenancies in common Severance of a joint tenancy - At common law : -- LCLRA 2009 s30(1), (2) - At equity : -- LCLRA 2009 s30(4) - cannot be severed by a judgement mortgage : LCLRA 2009 s30(3) Determination of a joint tenancy / tenancy in common - LCLRA 2009 s31 |
|
Incorporeal heriditaments
|
Easements
Profits à prendre Easements must satisfy four tests Rights are distinct form easements Acquisition : - by statute - express grant - implied reservation - implied grant : LCLRA 2009 s40(2) - presumed grant / prescription : LCLRA 2009 s33-38 - estoppel Extinguishment : - statute - release - abandonment - unity of possession - LCLRA 2009 s39(1) |
|
Covenants
|
Freehold covenants
- enforceability : LCLRA 2009 s49(2) - discharge : -- express power of the court : LCLRA 2009 s50 -- refusal to award an injunction -- acquisition of fee simple -- registered land : Registration of Title Act 1964 s69(3) Leasehold Covenants |
|
Licences
|
Bare licence
Liecnce coupled with an interest Contractual licence Contractual licences and third parties Licence by estoppel Rights of residence Registration of Title Act 1964 s81 |
|
Adverse Possession
|
Parliamentary conveyance theory
Animus possidendi Limitation periods Leasehold Co-owners Acknowledgement Extinguishment of title Statute of limitations 1957 |
|
Succession
|
Wills and intestacy and Interference with the freedom os testation
Wills - Succession Act 1965, part 7 - ambulatory effect : s89, 95 - predeceasing beneficiaries : s91, 97, 98 - capacity to make a will : s77 - formalities : s78 -- writting -- signature of testator -- witnesses : s81 -- gifts to witnesses : s82 -- alteration : s86 -- revocation : s85 -- revival : s87 - disinheritance : s121 Intestacy : - Succession Act 1965, part 6 - s67 - spouse / issue - s67A - civil partner / issue - section 68 - parents - s69 - brothers / sisters / their children - s70 - next of kin - s73 - state Interference with freedom of testation : - Succession Act 1965 - legal rights of surviving spouse : s111-116 - legal right of surviving civil partner : ss111A - rights of appropriation : s55-57 - proper provision for children : s117 - provisions for divorced spouses : Family Law (Divorce) Act 1996, s18 - unworthiness to succeed : s120 - extinguishment of spouse's succession rights : Family Law (Divorce) Act 1996, s14 |
|
Mortgages
|
LCLRA 2009, chapter 10
Mortgages : - LCLRA 2009 section 3 - origin - equity's influence - statutory intervention - mortgagees right to possession : LCLRA 2009 s99 - the equity of redemption - inviolability of the right of redemption : LCLRA 2009 s92 - options to purchase - postponing the right to redeem - collateral advantages - undue influence - restraint of trade Creation of mortgages : - legal mortgage : LCLRA 2009 s89 - equitable mortgage : LCLRA 2009 s51 - mortgages of unregistered land : legal - Registration of Title Act 1964 s 62-67 ; equitable - Registration of Title Act 1964 s68, 105(5) and Registration of Deeds and Title Act 2006 s73 Remedies of the mortgage : - court order for possession : LCLRA 2009 s97(2) - express power of sale - statutory power of sale by the mortgagee : LCLRA 2009 s100, 104, 105, 106 - appointment of a receiver by the mortgagee : LCLRA 2009 s108 - statutory power to grant lease of mortgages property : LCLRA s112-113 - NAMA's powers : National Asset Management Agency Act 2009 part 9 ; foreclosure abolished by LCLRA 2009 s96(2) Mortgagee's duties on sale : - LCLRA 2009 s103(1) - LCLRA 2009 s100(5) |