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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Isotopes are |
Atoms that have the same atomic number but different atomic weights |
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Isotopes are useful because |
They bring about radiation; we use radioactive isotopes to treat disease. |
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Atomic radiation (2 facts) |
- includes three common forms - removes electrons from atoms—disrupting physiology and causing cancer and other ailments |
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Alpha |
Consists of particles from atomic nuclei -moves slowly and cannot easily penetrate matter |
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Beta |
Consists of smaller electrons - travels faster than alpha and can more deeply penetrate matter |
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Gamma |
Form of energy similar to x-radiation -the MOST penetrating form of atomic radiation |
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Molecule |
Formed when two atoms combine |
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Molecular formula |
Shorthand used to depict the numbers and types of atoms in a molecule Ex: H2O |
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Chemistry |
Considers the composition of substances and how they change |
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Mass |
How much of something there is |
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Atom |
Smallest particle of an element that has properties of that element |
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Atomic number is the same as? |
Number of protons in the atom
Ex: Hydrogen has 1 proton, its atomic number is 1. |
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Atomic weight is ___ + ____? |
Protons + Neutrons = atomic weight Ex: Carbon has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, it’s atomic weight is 12. |
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Chemical bonds |
Links formed by atoms |
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Electron shells |
Filled by electrons, encircles the nucleus |
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Amount of electrons in the first three shells of elements with atomic # 18 and under |
1st shell: 2 electrons 2nd shell: 8 electrons 3rd shell: 8 electrons |
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Amount of electrons in the first three shells of elements with atomic # 18 and under |
1st shell: 2 electrons 2nd shell: 8 electrons 3rd shell: 8 electrons |
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Octet rule |
Except for the 1st shell, 8 electrons are required to fill the shells in most of the atoms important to living organisms |
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Amount of electrons in the first three shells of elements with atomic # 18 and under |
1st shell: 2 electrons 2nd shell: 8 electrons 3rd shell: 8 electrons |
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Octet rule |
Except for the 1st shell, 8 electrons are required to fill the shells in most of the atoms important to living organisms |
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Inert |
Atoms who’s outermost shell are full- they’re stable and can not form chemical bonds |
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Amount of electrons in the first three shells of elements with atomic # 18 and under |
1st shell: 2 electrons 2nd shell: 8 electrons 3rd shell: 8 electrons |
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Octet rule |
Except for the 1st shell, 8 electrons are required to fill the shells in most of the atoms important to living organisms |
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Inert |
Atoms who’s outermost shell are full- they’re stable and can not form chemical bonds |
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Ions |
Atoms that gain or lose electrons and become electrically charged |
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Amount of electrons in the first three shells of elements with atomic # 18 and under |
1st shell: 2 electrons 2nd shell: 8 electrons 3rd shell: 8 electrons |
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Octet rule |
Except for the 1st shell, 8 electrons are required to fill the shells in most of the atoms important to living organisms |
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Inert |
Atoms who’s outermost shell are full- they’re stable and can not form chemical bonds |
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Ions |
Atoms that gain or lose electrons and become electrically charged |
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Iconic bonds |
Give or take an electron |
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Amount of electrons in the first three shells of elements with atomic # 18 and under |
1st shell: 2 electrons 2nd shell: 8 electrons 3rd shell: 8 electrons |
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Octet rule |
Except for the 1st shell, 8 electrons are required to fill the shells in most of the atoms important to living organisms |
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Inert |
Atoms who’s outermost shell are full- they’re stable and can not form chemical bonds |
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Ions |
Atoms that gain or lose electrons and become electrically charged |
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Iconic bonds |
Give or take electrons |
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Covalent bonds |
Share electrons |
