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174 Cards in this Set
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Dating leading to marriage is functional. Which one of the following best describes it?
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Interpersonal level functions
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In your assignment you found a number of nations in Europe that have negative rate or natural increase. According to the functional perspective, it is not good. Why not?
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In the long run such societies may disappear.
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Which one of the following theorists suggested that society had life?
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August Comte, Durkheim, Herbert Spencer
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According to Functional Perspective, legitimization of social, economic, and political structure leads to?
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Social integration and equilibrium.
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According to Herbert Spencer, difference in structure of a society leads to a difference in the functions of individuals. As a result of industrialization, the structure of American Society has changed dramatically. Which of the following has been changed because of these structural changes?
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Gender roles, religion, culture
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Which one of the following statements relates to Parson's concept of goal attainment?
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Societies should give dreams and aspiration to their people
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According to Herbert Spencer increase in population leads to?
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Increase in complexity and differentiation.
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Which one of the following was discussed under the main features of functional perspective?
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Society is systematic, society is an integrated whole, even dysfunctional people are functional
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Women face inequality in most societies around the globe. Which one of the following strategies may help them gain relative equality?
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Access to and possession of valuable things
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In our class, which one of the following was used as an example of natural and biological social difference?
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Age
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The story of creation in Hindu mythology is based on the belief that?
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God created individuals that are equal
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What was the significance of the story used in our class about the earthquake in India?
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Injured and dead bodies pulled out of the earthquake are were treated in different tents based on their cast?
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Which one of the following statements best describes our discussion on middle class in the USA?
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The middle class in the USA has been shrinking.
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Which one of the following is one of the social implications of caste system of India for untouchables?
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Untouchables have high infant mortality rates, high illiteracy rates, low median income
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Followers of conflict perspective have criticized Davis and Moore's theory on social inequality. Which one of the following is one of their criticisms?
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Social stratification leads to status-quo in society
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In our lecture on Durkheim, Paris Hilton was used as an example of:
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external inequality
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As discussed in our what type of division of labor one can find among amish?
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simple division of labor
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Max Weber was a big proponent of bureaucracy. Which one of the following was one of the reasons given by him to support bureaucracy?
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Bureaucracy is impersonal
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Which one of the following organizations has the rules of inclusion and exclusion?
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American Medical Association, Bohemian Club, College Sorority
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According to Herbert Spencer and many other structural functionalists, the individuals who are competent, hardworking, and the best are the one who succeed in a society. This illustration was influenced by?
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Darwin's concept of survival of the fittest.
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Which term was used by Gaetano, Pareto, and C.W. Mills for those who rule societies around the globe?
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Elites
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In our discussion on status, we used the example of Bohemian Club. Which one of the following statements on status given by Max Weber relates to this club?
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Restricted patterns of social interaction. Sharing the benefits within the group. Status conventions and traditions.
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In our lecture on conflict perspective, we presented a number of evolutionary stages of society. In which one of the following stages, inequality began?
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Agrarian societies
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According to Herbert Spencer, over time societies change. Which one of the following changes was pointed out by him?
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Simple to complex
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Which term was used by Karl Marx for factory workers in Modern Capitalism?
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Urban Proletariat
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In old days, shoemakers used to make shoes using simple tools. They sold it and made some profit for themselves. What type of capitalism was it?
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Manufacturing capitalism
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Who owns the means of production in a capitalist society?
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Bourgeoisie
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Karl Marx lists a number of things under forces production. Which one of the following is one of them?
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Labor, raw material, money, machines, and infrastructure
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According to Karl Marx, which one of the following societies was based on ‘Natural Socialism’?
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Hunting and gathering societies
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What is Karl Marx's point of view on middle class?
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He believes that middle class is not an independent class and that it works for the welfare of the Bourgeoisie
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What is Marxist’s point of view on religion?
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Religion is used as opium by the Bourgeoisie to exploit people
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Which one of the following is one of the criticisms on conflict perspective?
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Societies are not always under conflict, social conflict is rarely bipolarized, power is not always associated with property ownership
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According to Marx what is class conflict?
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conflict between Bourgeoisie and Proletariat
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According to Marx, class conflict leads to a new economic system that is known as:
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socialism
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Which continent tends to have a very high life expectancy?
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North America
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In which continent you find a large number of nations with relatively very low GNI PPP?
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Africa
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Which nations tend to have very high infant mortality rates?
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Under developed nations
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Which of the following four nations has the lowest life expectancy?
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Afghanistan
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Which of the following four nations has the highest fertility rate?
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Mali
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41. The author suggests that description, explanation, and prescription are three levels of analysis of inequality. Social scientists believe that there are economic, political, cultural, and religious reasons for this disparity. What level of knowledge is reflected in this statement?
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Explanation
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According to the author, which mode of knowledge tends to negate the existing perceptions of individuals on a variety of issues?
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Sociological Mode
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What is Neo-Marxism?
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Theoretical framework that revisits Marxian theories and updates it for modern complex capitalism
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In our lectures, we discussed Karl Marx and his theory on evolution of society. According to the author, this evolution was a consequence of?
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Change in the mode of production
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According to our in-class discussion, which country benefited the most from World War II?
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USA
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According to the author, at what time in history, there was relatively more equality in the USA?
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After WWII
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According to the author and our in-class discussion, current US economy is predominantly?
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Service economy
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According to the author, U.S. market has become two-tier market. Which one of those two groups is pointed out by the author?
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People who are very rich and at the bottom
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In our discussion on social mobility, we discussed a number of reasons of individual mobility. Which one of the following is one of them?
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Education
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In our discussion on social mobility, we used a story of a senior citizen who suddenly became very rich. How?
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He won multi-million dollar jack pot in Las Vegas
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Stable patterns of social relationships among individuals and groups in a society is the definition of:
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Social Organization
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As you know children learn the language, religion, values, and culture of their parents. Which one of the following concepts best explains this process?
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Socialization
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According to our discussion on social institutions, which one of the following is the most important institution?
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Economic Institutions
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Universal health care, free education, and subsidized food and housing are common in which nations?
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Welfare states such as Finland
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In recent years what types of jobs are going out of the USA?
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Service jobs
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In which nations, growth of capital is relatively faster?
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Capitalist societies
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In our class we used the story of Woks being sold on TV. Which one of the following relates to this story?
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Advertising creates perceived desire for products that are not necessary
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In our class, we watched an interview of Warren Buffet, one of the richest persons in the world. Which one of the following statements was given by him in this interview?
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He pays lower percent in taxes compared to his secretary
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Free health care, free education, and generous retirement benefits, are some of the main features of a welfare state. What is the main source of income that is used by a welfare state to provide these benefits to its citizens?
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Money generated from government taxes
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According to the data presented in our class, the single richest man in the world belongs to which country?
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Mexico
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In our lectures, we used the story of Danai Peterson, who was arrested, searched, and fingerprinted for stealing a candy form Quality Dairy store in East Lansing. How old was Danai Peterson?
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Seven Years
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In our class we used the story of Woks being sold on TV. Which one of the following relates to this story?
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Advertising creates perceived desire for products that are not necessary
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In our class, we watched an interview of Warren Buffet, one of the richest persons in the world. Which one of the following statements was given by him in this interview?
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He pays lower percent in taxes compared to his secretary
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Free health care, free education, and generous retirement benefits, are some of the main features of a welfare state. What is the main source of income that is used by a welfare state to provide these benefits to its citizens?
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Money generated from government taxes
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According to the data presented in our class, the single richest man in the world belongs to which country?
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Mexico
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In our lectures, we used the story of Danai Peterson, who was arrested, searched, and fingerprinted for stealing a candy form Quality Dairy store in East Lansing. How old was Danai Peterson?
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Seven Years
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Which one of the following is an example of progressive tax?
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Income tax
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Which one of the following statements was discussed in our lectures on capitalism?
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Capitalism negates nature, capitalism replaces nature, capitalism is not friendly to enviroments
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In our class, we had a debate on "human beings by nature". What was the consensus in our class on this issue?
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There was no consensus because students were divided on this issue
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What is social contract theory?
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An informal contract among people that lead to the creation of rules and regulations for self- government
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In which societies, elites are visible?
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Traditional societies
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In our discussion on C.W. Mills Elite Model, we used the example of former Vice President Dick Cheney. What did it refer to?
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Elites move from one group of elites to another group of elites.
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According to our lectures, which one of the following groups of people tends to use lobbyists?
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AARP, Labor Unions, Gays and Lesbians
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According to lectures, what do lobbyist do?
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Help their clients to manipulate the decision making process in the USA. Arrange fundraising dinners for the political candidates.
Arrange meetings between their clients and people in power |
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According to C.W. Mills, dramatic social changes are always resisted by the elites. Why?
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Fear of change in power structure
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National Rifle Association is very powerful in the U.S. Which one of the following theoretical models explains why?
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Pluralist Model
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Which one of the following statements best describes Marxist's point of view?
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Economics dominates politics
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In his book Prince, Machiavelli listed a number of strategies to rule a nation. Which one of the following is not of those?
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Always try to be neutral and flip flop your positions
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Prior to the introduction of formal educational system, which institution was responsible for transmission of knowledge, skills, beliefs, and values from one generation to another?
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Family
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“David appears in an interview for a job in a multinational corporation. In addition to good grades, he had good communication and organizational skills. He also had good manners. All of that helped him to get the job”. According to both of our Text Books and lectures, which one of the following statements is an accurate comment on this selection process?
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A number of things listed above come with your class. Thus, the selection process is class biased
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It was argued in our lectures that educational institutions promote and strengthen social inequality. Which one of the following statements supports this argument?
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Educational institutions promotion conservatism and biased values
Educational institutions are class based Educational institutions create adults who are obedient, submissive, and with right attitude |
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According to G.H. Mead, what is I?
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Natural and instinctive component of personality
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According to Looking Glass Theory which one of the following personality characteristics are natural and biological?
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creativity
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The story of "David and Snake" was used to illustrate?
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Power of socialization
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It was argued in our lectures that love between a child and mother is a result of?
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Childhood dependance
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Jean Piaget has listed a number of characteristics of pre-operational stage. Which one of the following is one of them?
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Language
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Conflict perspective suggests that modern education institutions have a number of problems. Which of the following is one of them?
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false education with hidden agendas, strengthen cycle of poverty, deprives women of education
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Eton college of UK is an example of?
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Class based education system
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According to our discussions, which one of the following countries has a higher life expectancy?
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Japan
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Which one of the following nations has the highest GDP per capita?
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Luxemburg
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Which one of the following four nations has the lowest adult literacy rate for women?
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Mali
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Generally speaking, what is the life expectancy of men compared to women?
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Women live longer than men in most nations
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In which of the following four nations, women make more money than men?
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None of the above
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Which one of the following statements was given in our lectures on the relationship between mode of production and social structure?
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change in mode of production leads to change in the social structure, change in the social structure leads to change in mode of production
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Which one of the following statements best describes Max Weber's point of view on the relationship between class and status?
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Some time status and class are interdependent and some time they are independent of each other
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In 1930s, Lloyd Warner and his students collected data from so called Yankee City in New England. In this survey, who was ranked the highest by the residents of this city?
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Old family elites of Yankee City
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In 1930s, Lloyd Warner and his students collected data from so called Yankee City in New England. In this survey, who was ranked the highest by the residents of this city?
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New rich of Yankee City
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The Authors have listed 7 principles of ranking in the United States. Which one of the following is one of those principles of ranking?
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Ranking varies according to the perception of people
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Which one of the following is one of the reasons given by the author for the rising wage inequalities?
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Economic restructuring, expanding trade, changing technology
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Author presents an imaginary parade of people in this chapter. Where in this parade struggle to succeed is relatively very competitive?
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in the beginning of the race
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The story of Gullivers Travels was used in our class to illustrate?
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Competition among the rich and the poor
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According to the author, which one of the following is patterned by social class of people?
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Adult friendship and marriage, residential choices, church membership
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According to the author, what is cultural and social capital?
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Social relations with educated professionals and other powerful people
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According to the author, lately what has been the trend in social mobility?
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There has been downward social mobility
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According to our discussion on the US population, in the last decade which ethnic group has gained the largest percent of population?
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Hispanic Americans
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Early immigrants from England labeled German Americans as inferior. Such labeling is an example of?
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Ethnocentrism
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According to our lectures, which one of the following nations has a serious problem of illegal immigrants?
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USA, Afghanistan, Pakistan
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A state in which racial and ethnic minorities are distinct but have social parity is the definition of?
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Pluralism
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Which one of the following European nations was given a special annual quota of 10,000 visas per year in the 1990 Immigration Act?
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Ireland
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It was argued in our lecture that third generation of immigrants to USA tends to detach themselves from their ethnic origin. This process is known as?
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Assimilation
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KKK believes that white are superior to other racial and ethnic groups by birth. Which theory best explains such belief system?
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Authoritarian Personality
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According to Noel's theory, what is the main reason of ethnic stratification?
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Limited resources and large population
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Which one of the following theories/perspectives suggests that elites encourage prejudice to divide the working class people to rule?
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Conflict Perspective
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Which one of the following is an example of internal colonialism?
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Domination of urban people over rural people
Domination of men over women Domination of Whites over Native Indians |
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It was argued in our lecture that third generation of immigrants to USA tends to detach themselves from their ethnic origin. This process is known as?
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Assimilation
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KKK believes that white are superior to other racial and ethnic groups by birth. Which theory best explains such belief system?
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Authoritarian Personality
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According to Noel's theory, what is the main reason of ethnic stratification?
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Limited resources and large population
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Which one of the following theories/perspectives suggests that elites encourage prejudice to divide the working class people to rule?
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Conflict Perspective
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Which one of the following is an example of internal colonialism?
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Domination of urban people over rural people
Domination of men over women Domination of Whites over Native Indians |
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According to which one of the following theories, education and wealth cannot bridge the gap between classes?
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The cast analysis
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Which one of the following concepts best describes the statement, "Blonds are dumb"?
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prejudice
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Which theory suggests that rage against minorities tends to increase during economic recession?
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Scapegoat theory
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According to our lectures in 1862, a large number of people were hanged in public in Mankato, Minnesota. What was the ethnic background of these people?
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Native Indians
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Approximately how many people make less than $2 a day?
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One half of the world population
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Rwanda is a poor country. Which theoretical framework blames other nations for the poverty of Rwanda?
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World system perspective
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n our class, we talked about POET model and hunger. According to this model production, distribution, and access to food are responsible for hunger. Which of these three variables is the most important one?
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Access to food
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Which one of the following theories of poverty was influenced by Social Darwinism?
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Biological theories on poverty
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Which ethnic group has the largest total number of poor people in the USA?
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White americans
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In their book Bell Curve authors Herrnstein and Murray give reasons for poverty. Which one of the following is one of those reasons?
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poor people have low iq
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Which one of the following two nations has the largest number of poor people in the world?
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China and India
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Popular view on poverty suggests that poor are poor by choice. Which one of the following groups tends to agree with this common belief?
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Followers of structural functional perspective
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Poverty, low productivity in agriculture, and poor transportation systems are some of the common problems in Sudan. Also, it is one of the nations with largest percent of its population facing extreme hunger. Which of the following three variables is responsible for hunger in Somalia?
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production of food, distribution of food, access to food
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The picture of a dying girl followed by a vulture was used, among other things, to illustrate?
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Selfish individualism
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In our lectures, we discussed that the generator to supply electricity had multiple problems and eventually it stopped for good. As discussed in our lectures, which one of the following is the best reason for this failure?
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Generator was not compatible to local environment
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Which one of the following variables is a misleading indicator of poverty?
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GNP
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You live in the U.S. You are hungry and go to McDonald. You are denied a burger because you have no money. Which one of the following three variables is responsible for hunger of a person in the middle of abundance?
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Access to food
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It was suggested in our lectures that more than 70% of the total grain produced in the US is:
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consumed by cattle
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According to Durkheim, suicide bombing would be an indication of:
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Too much integration in the group
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An individual robs a bank. Legally speaking, when does he become a criminal?
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As soon as he is caught, prosecuted, and labeled as a criminal
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Which one of the following variables is a misleading indicator of poverty?
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GNP
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You live in the U.S. You are hungry and go to McDonald. You are denied a burger because you have no money. Which one of the following three variables is responsible for hunger of a person in the middle of abundance?
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Access to food
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It was suggested in our lectures that more than 70% of the total grain produced in the US is:
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consumed by cattle
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According to Durkheim, suicide bombing would be an indication of:
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Too much integration in the group
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An individual robs a bank. Legally speaking, when does he become a criminal?
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As soon as he is caught, prosecuted, and labeled as a criminal
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According to Freud, deviance and crime is lower in societies where:
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Superego dominates Id
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According to Karl Marx, which of
the following crimes may be eliminated by socialism? |
Property Crimes
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Which one of the following is a valid criticism of Lombroso’s theory on crime?
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poor method, small sample, lack of control on group
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What is social biology theory on crime?
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Criminal behavior is influenced by both genes and learning process
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According to the data collected from the class, approximately how many students use drugs?
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fifty percent
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We argued in our lectures that most of the time most of our behaviors are controlled by Social Norms. On the other hand, we talked about my experience in New York City during a New Year celebration where some teenagers were drinking and urinating in public. Which one of the following statements best describes what happens to Social Norms in such situations?
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New norms emerge in these situations
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According to the video, which one of the following civilizations used the torture devices to punish the criminals?
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European, Roman, Asian
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Which one of the following theorists said that all groups commit cries but rich are rarely punished?
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William Bonger
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According to the author, which one of the following countries has the lowest poverty rate?
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Sweden
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According to the author, who receives the bulk of welfare funding in United States?
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Middle and upper class
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According to the text and the lectures, which ethnic group has the second largest population in the USA?
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Latin Americans
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The author suggests that ethnic hierarchy in the USA is broadly divided into three tiers. Which one of the following tier is at the bottom?
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African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Native Indians
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According to Karl Marx, Capitalists Class tends to control politics in industrialized societies. Which one of the following is a direct mechanism used by them to control politics?
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Political Contributions
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Which one of the following is one of the conditions that creates class-conscious Proletariat?
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Deprivation, Alienation at work, polarization
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Which one of the following welfare programs was introduced in 1930's?
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social security
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Social networking is very common among?
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capitalist class
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In which one of the following countries, women have relatively more seats in the parliament?
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Sweden
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In which country, women make the lowest amount of money compared to men?
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Oman
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Which nation gave women a right to vote earliest?
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Finland
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According to the data, which one of the following nations has more women than men in their lower house?
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None --> (Norway, Sweden, Belgium)
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Which functionalist theorist believed nothing was wrong with women being unequal?
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Comte, Durkheim, Spencer
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What are the three obediences (Confucius)
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Father, Husband, Son
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Number of boys aborted in Bombay out of the 8000?
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one
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Concept of Sati
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Women must burn her body if her husband dies
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Margaret Mead (Arapesh)
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men and women go through equal process of socialization, they were raised to be gentle, sensitive, passive -->and that is how they remained
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Margaret Mead (Mundugumor)
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Both boys and girls raised through harsh punishment, verbal abuse, they grew up to be selfish, and aggressive
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Margaret Mead (Tchambuli)
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men were raised to be submissive, and women were raised to be aggressive -->men stayed home to take children, and women became hunters and had the jobs
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Who says that it doesn't matter race, it matters who dominates the economy?
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Marx
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Gender inequality in Europe?
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Queen had political power, but men were superior in everything but emotions
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Biological view on women
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says men and women are different
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In china how much agriculture work is done by women?
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50%
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