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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the posterior muscles that act at the elbow? What do they do?
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The triceps brachii! Long, lateral and medial head. They extend the forearm at the elbow joint and extend the arm at the shoulder joint.
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What are the anterior muscles that act at the elbow?
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1. Brachialis
2. Brachioradialis 3. Biceps brachii |
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Where is the brachialis located and what does it do?
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The brachialis covers all of the elbow joint, goes halfway down the humerus and inserts at the ulnar tuberosity. It is responsible for flexing the forearm at the elbow joint.
This muscle is situated underneath the biceps brachii. |
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Where is the brachioradialis and what does it do?
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Located further down the arm, starts at the end of the humerus and inserts at the bottom of the radius, basically at the styloid process.
It is responsible for flexing the forearm at the elbow joint as well as pronating and supinating the forearm. |
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Where is the biceps brachii and what does it do?
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Biceps brachii is composed of a long and short head. The short head is medial whereas the long head is lateral.
It covers majority of the humerus and inserts on the radial tuberosity. It starts allllll the way up at the scapula. Basically goes from the shoulder joint to the radius. It is responsible for flexing the forearm at the elbow joint. As well as supination of the forearm. Also flexes the arm entirely at the shoulder joint. |
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Which muscles are located on the front of the forearm? What do they all commonly do?
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All of these muscles insert at the medial epicondyle of the humerus:
1. Flexor carpi radialus 2. Flexor carpi ulnaris 3. Pronator teres 4. Palmaris longus 5. Pronator teres 6. Flexor digitorum superficialis 7. Flexor pollicis longus 8. Flexor digitorum profundus 9. Pronator quadratus Most flex the hand at the wrist joint. Some also abduct or adduct the hand. They are generally flexors. |
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Which muscles are located on the back of the forearm? What are they responsible for?
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They all start at the lateral epicondyle:
1. Extensor carpi radialis longus 2. Extensor carpi radialis brevis 3. Extensor carpi ulnaris These three are more lateral/posterior 4. Extensor digitorum 5. Extensor digiti minimi 6. Supinator 7. Abductor pollicis longus 8. Extensor pollicis brevis 9. Extensor indicis The names of these muscles basically tell what they do. But in general, the posterior forearm muscles are extensors. |
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How are the muscles of the hand divided up?
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Into thenar (thumb), hypothenar (little finger) and deep muscles that go in between (interosseis in the palm)
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What are the thenar muscles?
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1. Abductor pollicis brevis
2. Flexor pollicis brevis 3. Opponens pollicis 4. Adductor pollicis ALL say pollicis because they pertain to the pollox (thumb) |
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What are the hypothenar muscles?
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1. Abductor digiti minimi
2. Flexor digiti minimi brevis 3. Opponens digiti minimi |
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What are the deep hand muscles?
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1. Dorsal interossei (They abduct and flex fingers 2-4)
2. Palmar interossei (They adduct & flex, except middle) |
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In regards to the hip bone, which side is in the front and which part is in the back?
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The ilium is the superior/top half of the pelvis. The pubic bone is at the front and the ischium rounds around the back (the part that you sit on and gets sore)
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What is the iliopsoas group composed of? What are they responsible for?
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These are muscles of the hip, comprised of both the:
1. Psoas major 2. Iliacus - Flex the thigh at the hip joint - Rotate the thigh laterally - Flex the trunk on the hip (sit up motion) |
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What muscles make up the gluteal group? What do they do?
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1. Gluteus maximus
2. Gluteus medius 3. Gluteus minimus 4. Tenor fascia latae These muscles all work to move the femur/thigh region. The maximus extends and laterally rotates the thigh. Also helps with sit up motion, extending the torso. The medius abducts and medially rotates the thigh The minimus abducts and medially rotates the thigh as well The tenor fascia latae flexes and abducts the thigh at the hip. All of these muscles generally assist with flexion and abduction of the thigh, as well as some rotation. |
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Which muscles make up the lateral rotator group of the hip?
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1. Piriformis
2. Obturator internus 3. Obturator externus 4. Gemellus superior 5. Gemellus inferior 6. Quadratus femoris All of these muscles laterally rotate and abduct the thigh |
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What muscles make up the quadriceps group?
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1. Sartorius
2. Rectus femoris 3. Vastus lateralis 4. Vastus intermedius 5. Vastus medialis |
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What muscles make up the adductor group?
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1. Gracilis
2. Pectineus 3. Adductor magnus 4. Adductor longus 5. Adductor brevis |
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What muscles make up the hamstring group?
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1. Semitendinosus
2. Semimembranosus 3. Biceps femoris These muscles flex the leg at the knee and extend the thigh at the hip |
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What muscles make up the front (anterior) of the lower leg?
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1. Tibialis anterior
2. Extensor hallucis longus 3. Extensor digitorum longus |
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What muscles make up the side of the lower leg? Lateral?
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1. Peroneus longus
2. Peroneus brevis |
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What muscles make up the back of the lower leg?
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1. Medial and lateral gastrocnemius
2. Soleus Deeper... 1. Flexor hallucis longus 2. Flexor digitorum longus 3. Tibialis posterior |
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What muscles make up the dorsal side of the foot?
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1. Extensor hallucis brevis
2. Extensor digitorum brevis |
