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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The scientific study of the structure of the human body is known as... |
human anatomy |
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Organs are grouped into functionally related associations known as... |
organ systems |
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In terms of reference, the body is placed in what position? |
anatomical position |
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What specific body cavity lies directly inferior to the diaphragm? |
abdominal cavity |
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The kidneys belong to the__________system.. |
urinary |
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The liver belongs to the__________system.. |
digestive |
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In anatomical position, the palms of the hand are facing... |
forward/anterior |
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In anatomical terms, referring to front and back, the pectoral region is_______to the scapular region.. |
anterior |
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In terms of nearness to the trunk, the antebrachium is________to the carpal region.. |
proximal |
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The stomach is found in what specific body cavity? |
abdominal cavity |
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The term "leg" in anatomy refers to the region between the... |
knee and ankle |
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A mitochondrion belongs to which level of organization? |
organelle |
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Be able to label diagrams depicting median, frontal, and transverse planes.. |
frontal: divides into anterior and posterior median: divides into left and right transverse: divides into superior and inferior |
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If the ocular lens is 10x, what are the total magnifications for the following objective lenses? A. 7x, B. 15x, C. 20x |
A. 70 B. 150 C. 200 |
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What is the name of the thin piece of glass that is placed on top of a specimen? |
coverslip |
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The microscope that you use in lab is what kind? |
compound light microscope |
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Be able to label the parts of a microscope, including the arm, base, body tube, course-focus knob, condenser, fine-focus knob, light source, mechanical stage, objective lens, ocular lens |
page 22 in lab |
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When you change from a low-power objective lens to a high-power one, what happens to the field of view? Does it increase or decrease? |
The field of view decreases |
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How should you clean the lenses of a microscope? |
Use lens cleaning solution and paper. Make one circular pass with the paper then throw it away. |
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What is the proper way to carry the microscope in lab? |
Use 2 hands - one on the arm, one on the base |
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Cells in the body have a fluid surrounding them. What is the name of this fluid? |
interstitial fluid |
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The cytoplasm has a liquid portion. What is it called? |
cytosol or intracellular fluid (ICF) |
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What structure in a cell is mostly composed of a phospholipid bilayer? |
cell membrane |
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Which organelle is responsible for ATP production? |
mitochondria |
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Which organelle makes proteins and lipids? |
the endoplasmic reticulum |
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Which organelle in the cell has cristae? |
mitochondria |
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Which organelle directs the activity of the cell and contains most of the genetic information of the cell? |
nucleus |
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Which cellular structure is responsible for ribosome production? |
nucleolus |
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Be able to name the cellular structures in the illustration, including the centriole, golgi complex, mitochondrion, nucleolus, plasma membrane, ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
lab book page 34 |
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When in the cell cycle do chromosomes first split apart? |
anaphase |
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The division of the sytoplasm occurs in what part of the cell cycle? |
cytokinesis |
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Describe the four phases of nuclear (mitotic) division and what occurs during those phases |
prophase: chromosomes condense and nuclear envelope breaks down. genetic information is dispersed, centrioles migrate to opposite poles metaphase: chromosomes align anaphase: chromatids separate into new chromosomes, pulled by spindle fibers to opposite poles telophase: chromosomes reach the poles, chromosomes unwind into chromatin, nucleolus reappears, nuclear membrane begins to re-form |
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Name the four main tissues of the body |
epithelial, muscular, connective, nervous |
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What is the name of the noncellular layer that attaches epithelial tissue to the other layers? |
basement membrane |
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How many layers of cells are in simple epithelium? |
one |
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Name the three general cell shapes of epithelial tissue... |
simple squamous, simple cuboidal, simple columnar |
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Can you make the hairs on your arm "stand on end"? Based on your results, what kind of muscle is responsible for doing this? |
No you can't. Smooth muscle. |
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Squamous cells have what general shape? |
flat |
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What tissue type lines the inside of the urinary bladder? |
transitional epithelium |
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The heart is make of what type of muscle? |
cardiac |
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The muscles of your arm are primarily composed of what cell type? |
skeletal |
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What cell type is responsible for the transmission of electrochemical impulses? |
neurons |
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What type of connective tissue is found in the middle walls of arteries? |
elastic connective tissue |
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What is the cell type found in adipose tissue? |
adipocytes |
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Name the outer connective tissue layer that wraps around some types of cartilage... |
perichondrium |
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Be able to label the layers of the skin including hair, using terms like the dermis epidermis, hair follicle, root, shaft, hypodermis, piloerector, sebaceous gland, stratum basale, corneum, and spinosum, and sweat gland |
lab book page 65 |
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The main organ of the integumentary system is the skin. Name 3 structures that are associated structures in the integumentary system and discuss their function. |
hair: retain body heat when cold, shade from solar radiation, sensory, protection sweat glands: cool body nails: protection, evolutionary (digging, pulling apart food, etc.) |
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Which one of these three layers (epidermis, dermis, hypodermis) is not considered part of the integument? |
hypodermis |
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Tattoos consist of ink that is injected into the skin. Do you think the ink is injected into the epidermis or dermis? Why? |
Dermis. The epidermis consists of dead skin cells. If the tattoo was on the epidermis, it would flake off. |
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Approximately how long does it take for the epidermis to renew itself? |
6 weeks |
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The dermis has two main layers. Which one is more superficial? |
papillary |
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What is the most common connective tissue fiber found in the dermis? |
collagenous fibers |
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Which kind of sweat gland (eccrine or apocrine) is involved in evaporative cooling? |
eccrine |
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What integumentary gland secretes sebum? |
sebaceous |
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The outermost portion of a cross section of hair is known as the... |
cuticle |
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What is another name for the cuticle of a fingernail? |
eponychium |
