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27 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
-Normal hemoglobin levels for men? For women?
-Clinical Implications of increased Hb levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 13-18 g/dL
-Women: 12-16 g/dL |
-Increased levels may indicate polycythemia, CHF or COPD.
-Decreased levels may indicate hemorrhage, anemia or liver disease. |
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-Normal hematocrit levels for men? For women?
-Clinical implications of increased Hct levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 45-52%
-Women: 37-48% |
-Increased levels may indicate polcythemia, erythrocytosis, dehydration or shock.
-Decreased levels may indicate anemia, leukemias, adrenal insufficiency, hemorrhage or hemolytic reactions. |
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-Normal RBC levels for men? For women?
-Clinical implications of increased RBC levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 4.6-6.2 million/mm3
-Women: 4.2-5.9 million/mm3 |
-Increased levels may indicate polycythemia, heart disease, high altitude, extrarenal tumors, pulmonary disease or renal disease.
-Decreased levels may indicate anemia or hemmorhage. |
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-Normal Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate levels for men? For women?
-Clinical implications of increased ESR levels? |
-Men: <=20 mm/hr
-Women: <=30 mm/hr |
-Increased levels may indicate anemia, inflammatory diseases, infections, etc.
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-Normal Leukocyte levels for men? For women?
-Clinical implications of increase WBC levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 4,300-10,800 mm3
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate inflammation, trauma, toxicity or leukemia.
-Decreased levels may indicate aplastic anemia, drug toxicity, or specific infections. |
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-Normal neutrophil levels for men? For women?
-Clincal implications of increased neutrophil levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 54-75%
-Women: same |
-Increased levels may indicate bacterial infections, inflammation, hemorrhage, diabetic acidosis.
-Decreased levels may indicate stem cell disorders, viral infections, drug hypersensitivity. |
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-Normal eosinophil levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications of increased eosinophil levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 1-4%
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate allergic reactions or parasitic disease.
-Decreased levels may indicate Cushing's syndrome, use of certain drugs or acute bacterial infections. |
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-Normal basophil levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications of increased basophil levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 0-1%
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate blood dyscrasias.
-Decreased levels may indicate an acute phase of infection, hyperthyroidism, or stress reactions. |
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-Normal monocyte levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications of increased monocyte levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 2-8%
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate Hodgkin's disease, lipid storage disease, recovery from severe infections or monocytic leukemias.
-Decreased levels may indicate prednisone treatment, hairy cell leukemia, HIV infection, or bone marrow injury. |
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-Normal lymphocyte levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications of increased lymphocyte levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 25-40%
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate viral and bacterial infection, acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, antigen reaction.
-Decreased levels may indicate chemotherapy or radiation treatment, Hodgkin's disease, aplastic anemia, or CHF. |
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-Normal platelet count for men? Women?
-Clinical indications of increased platelet count? Decreased count? |
-Men: 150,000-350,000 mm3
-Women: Same |
-Increased count may indicate polycythemia, leukemia, severe hemorrhage.
-Decreased count may indicate thrombocytopenia purpura. |
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-Normal prothrombin time for men? Women?
-Clinical indications of increased PT? |
-Men: 9.6-11.8 sec
-Women: 9.5-11.3 sec |
-Increased time may indicate Vit. K deficiency, liver disease, biliary obstruction, poor fat absorption, or DIC.
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-Normal partial thromboplastin time for men? Women?
-Clinical indications of prolonged PTT? Shortened PTT? |
-Men: 30-45 sec
-Women: same |
-Prolonged time may indicate hemophilia A, B and C or Von Willebrand's disease.
-Shortened time may indicate extensive cancer, acute hemorrhage, or early DIC. |
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-Normal sodium levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications of increased Na+ levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 135-145 mEq/L
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate dehydration w/ insufficient water intake, Conn's sydrome, Cushing's syndrome, coma, diabetes insipidus.
-Decreased levels may indicate severe burns, CHF, excessive fluid loss, excessive IV induction of nonelectrolyte fluids, Addison's disease, diuretic use, edema, hypothyroidism etc. |
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-Normal potassium levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications of increased K+ levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 3.5-5.5 mEq/L
-Women: Same |
-Increased K+ levels may indicate renal disease, dehydration, tissue breakdown, cell damage, metabolic acidosis, kidney transplant rejection, etc.
-Decreased levels may indicate diarrhea, vomiting, sweating, starvation, malabsorption, draining wounds, severe burns, cystic fibrosis, chronic alcoholism, resp. alkalosis, Bartter's syndrome, etc. |
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-Normal chloride levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications of increased of Cl- levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 97-107 mEq/L
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate dehydration, Cushing's syndrome, hyperventilation which causes resp. alkalosis, eclampsia, metabolic acidosis w/ prolonged diarrhea.
-Decreased levels may indicate severe vomiting, gastic suction, chronic resp. acidosis, burns, metabolic alkalosis, congestive failure, overhydration, etc. |
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-Normal bicarbonate (HCO3) levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications for increased HCO3 levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 22-26 mmo/L
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate vomiting, dehydration, blood transfusion, overuse of medications such antacids, COPD, pulmonary edema, Cushing's disease, use of diuretics & corticosteroids, etc.
-Decreased levels may indicate resp. alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, shock, starvation or kidney failure. |
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-Normal calcium levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications for increased Ca++ levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 8.6-10 mg/dL
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate hyperparathyroidism, cancer, tuberculosis, excessive intake of Vit. D, milk, antacids.
-Decreased levels may indicate pseudohypocalcemia, hypoparathyroidism, hyperphophatemia, acute pancreatitis, alkalosis, renal failure, Vit. D deficiency, or alcoholism. |
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-Normal glucose levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications for increased glucose levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 70-105 mg/dL
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate Cushing's disease, acute emotional stress, gigantism, pituitary adenoma, pancreatitis, advanced liver disease, Vit. B deficiency, pregnancy,etc.
-Decreased levels may indicate insulinomas, carcinoma, Addison's disease, hypopituitarism, starvation, liver damage, insulin overdose, etc. |
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-Normal serum osmolality levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications for increased |
-Men: 280-300 mosm/kg water
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate dehydration, hypercalcemia, diabetes mellitus, hypernatremia, cerebral lesions, alcohol ingestion, or inadequate water intake.
-Decreased levels may indicate loss of sodium, renal failure, adrenocortical insufficiency, excessive water replacement, diabetes insipidus, etc. |
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-Normal protein levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications for increased protein levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 3.5-5 g/dL
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate dehydration.
-Decreased levels may indicate acute & chronic inflammations & infections, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, Crohn's disease, burns, heart failure, starvation, thyroid disease etc. |
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-Normal BUN levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications for increased BUN levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 5-20 mg/dL
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate impaired renal function, urinary tract obstruction, hemorrhage into GI tract, diabetes mellitus, excessive protein intake, or anabolic steroid use.
-Decreased levels may indicate liver failure, acromegaly, malnutrition, impaired absorption, or nephrotic syndrome. |
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-Normal creatinine levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications for increased creatinine levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 0.6-1.2 mg/dL
-Women: 0.5-1.1 mg/dL |
-Increased levels may indicate impaired renal function, chronic nephritis, obstruction of urinary tract, muscle disease, CHF, shock, dehydration, or hyperthyroidism.
-Decreased levels may indicate small stature, decreased muscle mass, liver disease, inadequate dietary protein, pregnancy. |
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-Normal pH levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications for increased pH levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 7.35-7.45
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels indicate alkalemia.
-Decreased levels indicate acidosis. |
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-Normal Po2 levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications for increased Po2 levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 80-100 mm/Hg
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate polycytheima, increased FIo2, or hyperventilation.
-Decreased levels may indicate anemias, cardiac decompensation, insufficient atmospheric O2, intracardiac shunts, COPD, restrictive pulmonary disease, or hypoventilation. |
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-Normal Pco2 levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications for increased Pco2 levels? Decreased levels? |
-Men: 35-45 mmg/Hg
-Women: Same |
-Increased levels may indicate obstructive lung disease, reduced function of resp. center, or other causes of hypoventilation.
-Decreased levels may indicate hypoxia, nervousness, anxiety, pulmonary emboli, pregnancy, or pain. |
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-Normal O2 Saturation levels for men? Women?
-Clinical indications for decreased O2 Sat levels? |
-Men: 93-100%
-Women: Same |
-Decreased levels indicate poor oxygen perfusion.
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