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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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First organization of labor in the US |
1778 printers in New York banded together to demand higher pay |
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2 kinds of labor unions which emerged after the civil war |
Trade or craft unions- skilled labor - was first type Industrial unions - made up of all workers in a particular industry regardless os specialization ie steel , CIO |
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Unemployment rate during the Great Depression |
25% - changed public opinion toward unions |
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The court’s treatment of labor unions in the US prior to the Great Depression |
Anti -union - used the Sherman antitrust act of 1890 to effectively ban unions until Clayton antitrust act of 1914 exempted unions from being prosecution under Sherman act |
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Norris LaGuardia act |
1932 law forcing companies to negotiate with workers engaged in peaceful pickets ,strikes , or boycotts |
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National Labor relations act Wagner act |
1935 Established the right of collective-bargaining and union membership as a right of workers. Established the national Labor relations Board to investigate unfair labor practices/ supervise elections in which employees voted on union rep. Outlawed unfair labor practices ie the blacklisting of union organizers
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The Fair labor standards act |
1938 established minimum wage ,40 hour work week ,overtime pay ,time and a half and restrictions on child labor |
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Public opinion towards unions after World War II |
Concerns over the spread of communism turns turned public opinion against the unions. Taft Hartley act passed 1947 |
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Taft Hartley act |
1947 . limited union activity in labor disputes,allowed The president to suspend strikes with an 80 day cooling off period during a national emergency ,Banned closed shops, and allowed states to pass right to work laws which banned other forms of compulsory union membership |
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AFL |
American Federation of labor a federation of trade unions established 1886 Was mostly skilled white laborers at first |
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CIO |
Congress of industrial organizations Originally small group of industrial unions within the AFL .in 1937 became their own group called the Congress of industrial organizations. Rejoined with AFL in 1955 to become the afl- cio |
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Four kinds of union shops |
CUMA
Closed shops ,union shops ,modified union shops ,and agency shops |
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Closed shops |
Requires management to hire only union members. made illegal by the Taft -Hartley act of 1947 for companies involved in interstate commerce |
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Union shops |
Management does not have to hire only union members but workers must join the union after 30 days on the job and remain in the union until the end of their employment. 21 states have passed right to work laws that do not require workers to join a union.(results of Taft- Hartley |
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Modified union shops |
New membership not required to get a job or while working at that company but if worker joins union, must remain in union for the remainder of employment |
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Agency shops |
Union membership not required as condition of hiring or employment. However workers must pay union dues to pay for collective-bargaining even if they are not union members and are subject to the same negotiated contract as union members. |
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Rate Of union membership in the US at its height and today |
At its height at end of WWII one in three workers belonged to a union.today, one in nine do. After WWII decline began with fears of communism.Most of those in unions now are public employees like firefighters or police etc. |
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Reasons for unions decline |
1. Taft Hartley act 1947 right to work laws 2. Employers efforts to leave unions out of their businesses -hiring anti-union consultants Etc 3. Part time workers and women to not be in unions 4. Foreign competition union wages make it hard to compete with lower-priced imports |
