Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Technological Change
|
Changes in the production process that result from the introduction of labor-saving machinery and changes in material handling and work flow
|
|
Automation
|
A type of technological change, where machines perform tasks formerly performed by humans, and the human operator is replaced by automatic controls
|
|
High Performance Work Organization (HPWO)
|
A partnership in which both management and labor take responsibility for ensuring that the firm will adapt to competitive market and technological demands by sharing information, continuously training workers, and adapting to work rules to meet each firm's needs.
|
|
De-skilling
|
Reduction in the responsibility or skill level required to perform some jobs, caused by technological advancements, resulting in lower employee compensation and less job security for those employees holding such jobs.
|
|
Featherbedding
|
Job security provisions that attempt to make jobs more secure, such as spreading the workload by placing limits on the load that can be carried, restricting the duties of employees, limiting the number of machines one operator can tend to, or requiring standby crews
|
|
Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN)
|
Requires employers with 100 or more employees to give 60 days' advance notice of a plant closing or major layoff
|
|
Subcontracting
|
Occurs when a firm determines that it cannot perform all the tasks that are necessary to operate its business successfully or that another firm can perform the needed tasks better or at a lower cost
|
|
Outsourcing
|
A cost-cutting strategy of shifting work away from one's own firm to a different producer who may be located inside or outside the United States
|
|
Offshoring
|
Movement of work from a company location within the United States to locations outside of the United States
|
|
Jurisdictional Disputes
|
Disputes over which workers will be assigned to perform particular jobs or duties due to changes in technology, job descriptions, work materials, or processes
|
|
Flextime
|
Allow an employee to start and finish work at his or her discretion, as long as the specified total number of hours per week or per day are worked and the employee is present at work during a core-hour period.
|
|
Compressed Workweek
|
Four 10-hour work days with three days off each week or eight 9-hour days and one 8-hour days permitting one extra day off every two weeks
|
|
Seniority
|
Factor of who has been with the company longest, used to determine personnel decisions that affect bargaining unit employees
|
|
Benefit Rights
|
Vacation entitlement or scheduling, usually determined by seniority
|
|
Competitive Job Rights
|
Promotion, layoff or recall, work assignments, transfers, shift preference, usually determined by seniority
|
|
Bumping Rights
|
In a layoff, a more senior employee from one department might assert a claim to a job held by a less senior employee in a different department
|
|
Superseniority
|
Provides that highly skilled technical employees or union officials directly involved in contract negotiations or grievance handling will be the last ones laid off, regardless of their actual length of time on the job
|
|
Work Sharing
|
Two or more employees share a job by dividing the standard total number of hours for the job between them
|
|
Work Restructuring
|
Changing the nature of the work performed by employees, typically involves major departures from the traditional way of assigning specific tasks to each employee
|
|
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)
|
Governs occupational health and safety in the private sector and federal government. Main goal is to ensure that employers provide employees with an environment free from recognized hazards
|
|
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
|
Prohibits, under certain circumstances, discrimination based on disability
|
|
Person with Disabilities
|
A person with a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits that person in some major life activity
|
|
Reasonable Accommodation
|
If an employer can make a modification in a job's requirements or structure that will not cause the employer “undue hardship” and that will allow a disabled employee to do the job, then that modification or change in the job must be made
|