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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Conditioned Emotional Responses |
An emotional response to a stimulus that is acquired through Pavlovian conditioning; coined by Watson |
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Watson and Rayner |
Two researchers whose studies improved our understanding of fears and effective forms of treatment |
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Mary Cover Jones |
First to show that Pavlovian conditioning could help people overcome fears as well as acquire them; subject was Peter |
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Counterconditioning |
Use of Pavlovian conditioning to reverse the unwanted effects of prior conditioning; typically takes the form of aversion therapy or exposure therapy |
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Sysyematic Desensitization |
Form of counterconditioning in which a patient imagines progressively troubling scenes while relaxed; developed by Joseph Wolpe |
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Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy |
Form of exposure therapy that relies on technology that creates simulated scenes that arouse anxiety |
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Barbara Rothbaum |
Conducted first controlled experiment involving VRET; two separate studies dealt with fear of heights and flying; results helped lessen their fear |
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Aversion Therapy |
Form of counterconditioning in which a CS is paired with an aversive US, often a nausea-inducing drug |
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John Garcia |
Did groundbreaking research on how we learn to avoid eating dangerous substances; research included rats and giving them a choice between tap water and saccharin-flavored water |
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Conditioned Taste Aversion |
An aversion, acquired through Pavlovian conditioning, to foods with a particular flavor |
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IOA = Agreements/(Agreements+Disagreements) |
Simple approach to calculating inter-observer agreement |
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80% |
Minimal acceptable level of inter-observer agreement |
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Small-N Research Design |
Hallmark of behavioral research; purpose is to identify environmental determinants of behavior; used in basic research and the practice of behavior therapy |
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Functional Analysis |
Approach to behavior analysis used to identify controlling stimuli of target behaviors when these stimuli are unknown; verifies effects of a lesson/treatment |
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Classical Conditioning |
Stimulus-Response Associations |
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Operant Conditioning |
Stimulus-Response-Consequence Associations |
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1) Reversal Designs 2) Multiple Baseline Designs |
Two designs of small-n research |
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Reversal Design |
Baseline (A phase) Treatment (B phase) Baseline (A phase) |
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Some learned behaviors do not reverse; ethics |
Limitations of reversal research design |
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Multiple-Baseline Design |
Replicates the treatment effect; sequential presentation of IV helps rule out the effects of confounds that are unlikely to coincide w/each presentation of IV |
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Salience |
Prominent or conspicuous |
