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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Siblings Amanda and Dean could not be any different. Amanda has always had a steady job, pays her bills on time, and has no debt. Dean on the other hand is often unemployed, has bill collectors calling his house, and spends money he doesn’t have. Amanda and Dean differ in which personality trait?
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conscientiousness
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Which personality trait contrasts kindness, trust, and warmth with hostility, selfishness, and distrust?
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agreeableness
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What is a critique of Havighurst’s Developmental Tasks of Middle Adulthood?
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His vision is one-dimensional.
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What contributes to erectile disorder in men and inadequate lubrication in women?
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decreased progesterone
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According to Sheehy, why do women seem to enter midlife at the age of 35, five years earlier than men?
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Pregnant women 35 years and older are advised to undergo amniocentesis.
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According to a longitudinal study performed by Schaie et al., which person is likely to score the lowest in verbal ability (assuming good health for all): Caitlyn 25 years old; Melissa 39 years old; Kathy 53 years old; and Eleanor 67 years old?
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Caitlyn
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On the eve of her 40th birthday, Glenda feels depressed about entering the next phase of her life, middle adulthood. As her friend, what can you tell Glenda about middle adulthood to cheer her up?
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Many middle-aged adults earn more money than their younger counterparts
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Sheila once had thick red hair. Now at the age of 60, most of Sheila’s hair is gray. What caused this change in Sheila’s hair color?
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loss of melanin
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Forty-eight-year old Marcy rides her bicycle through the park with her husband. While approaching a pot hole, she does not turn in time to miss it. She remarks to her husband, “I just don’t seem to react as quickly as I used to.” Why have Marcy’s reaction times slowed over the years?
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loss of neurons
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Which is an example of a carcinogen?
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certain viruses
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A year after retirement, most retirees report increased feelings of ____.
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well-being
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Which theory of aging maintains that the stiffening of body proteins accelerates and eventually breaks down bodily processes, leading to some of the effects of aging?
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cross-linking theory
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Loss of acuteness of hearing due to age-related degenerative changes in the ear is referred to as ____.
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presbycusis
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Which type of memory would be used to recall that the written letter B has the sound of “bh?
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associative
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What is the evidence that visual-recognition memories can last half a century for those in late adulthood?
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Fifty years after graduating high-school, subjects recognized former classmates 75% of the time.
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Interviews found that independence in what daily task is especially important to help older people avoid diminished self-esteem?
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toileting
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What type of intelligence is most vulnerable to decline in late adulthood?
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fluid
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With the right genes and environment, and with the good fortune to avoid serious injuries or illnesses, people have a maximum life span of about how many years?
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115
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What is a critique of disengagement theory?
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Well-being generally increases when older adults pursue goals
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According to Erikson, adjustment in the later years requires ____
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the wisdom to let go
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At a visit to her ophthalmologist, seventy-six-year old Meredith learns that she has cataracts. What does this mean?
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There is a clouding of the lens of her eye.
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Reminiscence in older adults was once considered a symptom of ____.
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dementia
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What is a change in the reproductive system of older men?
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Delayed erections after age 50
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Many of the physical changes in older women stem from a decline in ___ production
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estrogen
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The hormonal theory of aging asserts that ____.
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ollowing illness, stress hormones remain elevated in the elderly
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Following cardiac arrest, Bob’s 86-year-old wife Cynthia remains comatose and shows no signs of brain activity. Bob feels strongly that Cynthia would not want to remain in a “lifeless” body, so he discusses with her doctors the possibility of removing her from life support. What type of euthanasia is Bob contemplating?
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passive euthanasia
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What is a critique of Kübler-Ross’s five stages of dying?
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They are most relevant for those suffering from a terminal illness.
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The term dying is best described as ____.
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he end stage of life, in which bodily processes decline, leading to death
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Why may individuals facing death choose a hospital setting during the process of dying?
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People remain hopeful that they can avert death.
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Following cardiac arrest, Bob’s 86-year-old wife Cynthia remains comatose and shows no brain activity. Bob feels strongly that Cynthia would not want to remain in a “lifeless” body; he searches the Internet to find out what type of drug overdose will cause her to slip into a quiet, peaceful death. What type of euthanasia is Bob contemplating?
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involuntary active euthanasia
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What is the leading cause of death for individuals 85 and older?
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heart disease
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After receiving an urgent call from his father about an automobile accident involving his mother, Peter races to the hospital. He learns from the hospital staff that his mother is brain dead. Peter wants confirmation from the emergency room doctors, who show Peter the results of her ____.
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EEG recording
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What percent of American physicians are opposed to physician-assisted suicide?
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69%
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What were Maciejewski and colleagues assessment of Jacobs’ stages of grief?
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Yearning, anger, and depression rose suddenly in the predicted order.
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Funerals are usually a families’ ____ largest expense.
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fourth
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Forty-six-year old Nathan recently learned that he has terminal advanced stage lung cancer. He finds himself thinking throughout the day, “Why me? It isn’t fair. I was supposed to live to 90.” According to Kübler-Ross, Nathan is displaying signs of which stage of dying?
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anger
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What is true of terminally ill patients’ attitudes toward physician-assisted suicide?
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The majority of patients say that they support physician-assisted suicide in general.
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While at the hospital attending to his mother, Peter meets a woman named Lea, whose father was diagnosed with whole brain death following cardiac arrest. She explains to Peter that her father requires a respirator ____.
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because he suffered irreversible damage to his brain stem
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Pauline runs an advertising firm and is looking to hire a manager for the sales staff. According to the text, what could you tell Pauline to convince her to hire someone that is middle-aged rather than a young adult?
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They are likely to be calmer in stressful situations.
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Fifty-year-old Mimi has been experiencing irregular periods for the last six months. This may indicate that Mimi is experiencing ____.
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perimenopause
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Why is it believed that IQ scores in the United States have risen over the past couple of generations?
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Better education
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Which personality trait contrasts kindness, trust, and warmth with hostility, selfishness, and distrust?
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agreeableness
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Aspects of creativity are more likely to be found among young adults in which field?
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physics
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When a deadline approaches at work, coworkers Tina and Ariel deal with the stress in very different ways. Tina tends to lose her temper more often and feels very nervous. On the other hand, Ariel makes sure to take plenty of deep breaths and drinks herbal tea to calm herself down. These coworkers differ in which personality trait?
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neuroticism
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From the list below, which is from Robert Havighurst’s Developmental Tasks of Middle Adulthood?
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Developing a range of enjoyable leisure activities
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According to researchers studying the “big five” personality traits, personalities ____.
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tend to mature rather than be shaped by environmental conditions
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According to Erikson, what is meant by the term generativity?
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Bearing and rearing children
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Jessica is experiencing menopause. She discusses hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with her gynecologist to help mitigate some of the symptoms of menopause. Jessica’s gynecologist informs her that HRT____.
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decrease the risk of colon cancer
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Compared with 100 years ago, the average life expectancy today for a male has increased by about how many years?
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30
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Dr. Layton investigates the role of free radicals in aging. She hopes to find effective chemicals that will combat free radicals and slow the progression of age-related processes. For what class of chemicals is Dr. Layton searching?
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antioxidants
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Eighty-four-year old Genevieve is experiencing agoraphobia as of late. What is a likely cause of this recent development?
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Her granddaughter, who used to take her shopping, recently moved away.
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Why is it thought that men have shorter life expectancies than women?
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men are more daring
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According to the text, what is a critique of the stereotype that retirees look forward to late adulthood as a time when they can rest from life’s challenges?
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This is a prescription for depression, not for living life to its fullest.
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A painful, degenerative disease characterized by wear and tear on the joints is referred to as ____.
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osteoarthritis
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According to Lynn Hasher, what attribute enables older adults to take a broader view of various situations?
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Increased distractibility
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What are generally the earliest signs of Alzheimer’s disease?
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Subtle changes in cognition and personality
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Subtle changes in cognition and personality
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fluid
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Who is likely to have the most difficult time coping with the death of his wife?
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70 year old Jonah
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Which of the following lends support to the immunological theory of aging?
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Antibody production declines with age
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Which hormone is thought to play a crucial role in increasing life span following caloric restriction?
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dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
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How does late adulthood differ from the phases of life that come before it?
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Focus is no longer on growth and stability.
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On the eve of her 65th birthday, Florence is depressed about entering the next stage of her life, later adulthood. As her friend, what can you tell her to cheer her up?
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Older age brings peace and balance
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